我的新概念第三册笔记

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**** Hidden Message *****
Lesson 1

Spot ( pick out, see, recognize, catch sight of)

A tall man is easy to spot in the crowd.
Spot vt. = see: 强调结果, 辨别出、看见、识别、发现。
Find: 强调发现的结果。
Find out: 查出事实真相
Discover: 重大发现;　 make a discovery
Notice: 注意到
Observe: 观察
Watch: 观察活动中的人或画面
Spot(see)à findà find outà discoverà noticeà observeà watch

Spot n. 斑点 ;
There is a white spot on the shirt.
On the spot: １．立刻、马上(at once, immediately)

　
２．在现场
(= on the scene)

Wherever she is needed, she is quickly on the spot.

Evidence
n. = proof
In evidence: 显而易见的;　　He was in evidence at the party.
Evident
adj. (=obvious)
Evidently
adv.(= in evidence, obviously)

Accumulate: 强调积累的过程
Gather: vt. 聚集，把某人召集在某处
Collect: 收集，采集
Assemble: vi.集合，集会; vt.装配
Hoard vt.：大量地贮存;　The squirrel hoards up nuts for the cold winter.

Hoard up = store up
Amass: 积聚（主要用于诗歌和文学作品的积聚）
Accumulateà gatherà collectà assembleà hoardà amass

Feel obliged to do sth. :感觉有必要做某事
Be obliged to do sth. : 被迫做某事　(= be forced to do)

They were obliged to sell their car to pay the debts off.

Run after: 强调追赶、追求;　　A dog is running after a cat.
Seek/pursue : 追寻
Chase: 追赶　　They are chasing a thief.
Hunt: 追猎，捕捉；　hunt for
Search: 搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物。Search for
Run afterà seek(pursue)à chaseà huntà search Corner n. 角落
　At the corner of the street, in the corner of the room, on the corner of the desk
v. 使陷入绝境；　经常用被动语态;　　The thief was cornered at last.

还常用其引申含义;　　　The problem cornered me.
In the corner; On the corner; At the corner
Cut a corner: 抄近路（斜路）；走捷径
(= short cut)
In the cornerà on the cornerà at the cornerà cut a corner

Trail:
n. 一串；　A trial of blood.
Vt. Trail = follow

The police trailed the criminal to the place where he was hiding.
Trail n. 讨厌的人，事；审讯；尝试

Cling v. 粘

She is always clinging to her mother. （缠着）

He clung to the hope that he would succeed. (怀有)
Stick: 粘住（信封等）
Stick to: 坚持
Sticky: 粘的;　　sticky finger
Paste: 用浆糊粘
Stick toà paste toà cling to

Convince sb. of sth. :　使某人相信某事
Be convinced that: (在没有宾语的情况下要采用主系表结构)

Somehow(by some means, in some way, for some reason unknown) adv. 不知怎么搞的
Somewhat: a little
Somehowà somewhat

Disturb v.: 令人不安
Disturbing:　令人不安的（别人）
Disturbed: 　感到不安的(自己)

At large:１．逃遁的，没有被控制的
　　　
２．详细地（in detail）


　３．总体来讲（as a whole）

在英文的表达方式中，首先呈现给读者的是结果。

Cat-like:　猫一样的，dog-like
Life-like: 栩栩如生的

一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词后面，但为了保持句子平衡，也可以把谓语动词放到从句之前。 定语从句只是对被修饰词的补充说明、修饰。
同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容。

定语从句的引导词：
　　指人：主语who; 宾语who/whom; 定语whose

指事物：that(也可指人)/which
同位语从句的引导词：
　　名词做主语、宾语等，关系词只有that和what(在定语从句中没有).

Take sth. seriously = deal with sth. seriously
Take sth. lightly 　　 草率的处理某事

Claim to have done sth.: 声称曾经做过某事

Confirm: be sure, be certain

Leave behind: 把某物留在后面

英文的表达方式重点在于突出客观事实，而中文则善于运用动作的执行者。

Complain of/ complain about

On+名词：强调动作正在进行
On the raise在上升; On the increase在增加；on the watch; on the match在比赛中；on the fishing trip在钓鱼的途中；on holiday在度假；
On+动名词，表示一个动作，　“一…就…”

Fully = completely, entirely

Possession:
In the possession of sb. = in sb.’s possession归某人所有
In possession of sth.：拥有某物
Take possession of : 拥有

It is disturbing to think that…(模仿使用)

熟读并背诵第一自然段。

定语从句中which以及指代人的作宾语的whom, 在非正式用法当中可以省略。省略时，介词不能前置到关系代词whom, which前，只能用于非固定的动词短语后面。
固定短语：
Look for: 寻找，如果省略了for,则意思改变，所以不能前置。
非固定短语：
Live in: 住； live:住；可以省略。
This is the old house in which he lived.
This is the old house he lived in.

In common = similar

Make的用法：
主动：Make somebody do
被动：Be made to do

Unless = if…not = except on the condition that
Except可以和名词/名词性从句进行搭配，也可是when/if引导的从句形式。

有些时候，when可以用if取代。
Whenever you come, you’re welcome./ If ever you come, you’re welcome.

No more than = only
Not more than = within
No = not any

In a corner : 表示处于困境、尴尬的境地
In a trap: 表示处于陷阱中
At an angle: 表示弯曲的，不直的
In a cornerà in a trapà at an angle

For pleasure: 取乐，消遣;
Read for pleasure; travel for pleasure.

On his own = alone

[[i] 本帖最后由 feierpao 于 2007-7-17 09:05 编辑 [/i]]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 2
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Equal:
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]v. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]等于； A equals B
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[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]与…相匹敌； None of us can equal her, either in beauty or as a dancer.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be equal to: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]与…相匹敌； Mary is quite equal to John in brains.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be equal to: (to [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]介词)有能力、有力量做某事。I’m equal to running this company.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Raise:
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]筹集；raise money
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]提高；raise the price, raise the temperature
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]饲养、供养；raise a horse; raise a family; raise wheat
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]召集、招募；raise an army
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]提出、发出；raise a shout
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]现在进行时和always, constantly, continually等频度副词的搭配――表示说话人带有的感情色彩。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tom is always doing homework.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]（做不完）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tom always does homework.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]（不拖作业）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]He is always making noises. ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表达了不满)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]One or another[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示某种，这样或那样。表达了不特定的概念。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]For one reason or another[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]；At one time or another；In one way or another

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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Get enough money to do: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]筹集足够的资金来做某事。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]I have to get enough money to have my house repaired.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Have something done[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]:1. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]找某人来做某事（复习二册相关内容）
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2. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]某人所遭受到的意外
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]However: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]转折(= nevertheless, nonetheless)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]在口语中，常放在句首。写作中常放在句中，句尾。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]He said that it was so, he was mistaken, however.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]He said that it was so, however, he was mistaken.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]起[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]承[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]转[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]合
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]I know his story, however, I wouldn’t like to tell you.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]I know his story, I however, wouldn’t like to tell you.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]以上句子中的however, 都可以用nevertheless, nonetheless替换。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Start: n.& v. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]惊跳、惊奇;
What a start you give me.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]翻译：信、达、雅 [font=宋体][size=12pt]在…光下：
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In the torchlight, in the sunlight, in the moonlight, in the candlelight
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Recognized somebody as[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]认出某人是
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Regard sb. as, think of sb. as, treat sb. as, have on sb. as([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]把某人尊敬为)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Whatever: ever[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]用来加强语气。= no matter what
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Night after night[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]一夜连着一夜 = every night
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Day after day, year after year, week after week, bus after bus
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]肯定句中常用do, did, does加强语气和感情色彩。一定要位于动词原型前。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]I do love you.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]As well[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]用在句尾相当于too, 主要用于肯定句中，但比too所表达的语意更优秀。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Too[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] as well
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Still[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]放在句首，用逗号分隔开来――表达一个转折的关系：虽然如此，但是
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be used to, get used to, be accustomed to, get accustomed to: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]习惯于
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Get: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调渐近的过程[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]; You will get used to the cold weather here.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调习惯了的状态[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]; I’ve been used to the cold weather here.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]的用法：
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]1. In prep. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表达惊奇、恐惧、失望或生气等感情色彩的名词搭配连用。在句中起状语作用。
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In surprise; in astonishment; in alarm; in embarrassment; in amazement; in despair;
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In dismay; in anger; in disappointment;
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]2. In prep. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示以、用；用于语言、书写材料、色彩、声音等方面。
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In English; in pencil; in ink; in a few words; in such a high voice; in oil; in
red; in code
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]3. In [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表达状态、情况或处境。
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In trouble; in difficulty; in bed; in a hurry; in debt; in love with sb.; in tears; in good order; in good repair; in good health; in poor health; in the bad mood; in the good mood; in haste; in a favor of excitement([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]欣喜若狂); in poverty; in luxury;
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]为…表示感谢：[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]be grateful for / be thankful for
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]不辞辛劳地做某事：take the trouble to do sth.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]强调句式结构：[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]it was not until…that…[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]一直到…才…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]It was not until midnight that snow stopped.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Still[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]尽管如此、依旧、仍然 = just the same; [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]
It’s raining, still I must go out.[/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]Still[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]连接性副词，相当于in spite of that, even though, just the same.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Yet[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]但是、然而;
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]I have failed, yet I shall try again.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Yet[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] still
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 3
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Explore, exploration, explorer
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Prosperous:
([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]经济上)繁荣的
our finance is prosperous
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Thriving: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]昌盛的、兴旺的
thriving business
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Booming: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]蓬勃的，景气的
booming shop, booming business
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Flourishing: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]繁茂的，健康的
flourishing business/plant/children
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Booming[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] flourishing[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] thriving[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] prosperous
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Civilization:
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]（enjoy）a high level of civilization （享有）高度文明
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Worship:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]崇拜
respect, admire;

Who do you worship in the world?
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Warship: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]战舰
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Sacred: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]宗教的，神圣的 ； sacred music圣乐；sacred promise神圣的诺言
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Holy
adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]神圣的、圣洁的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Solemn adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]庄严的，庄重的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Sacred[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] solemn[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] holy
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Sacred adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]神圣的，宗教的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Scarce adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]少有的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Classical music
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]古典音乐
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Classical education
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]人文科学教育
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Classic
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Classic n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]杰作，经典之作
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adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]第一流的，典型的； This is the classic example of love at the first sight.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Construct: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]构造; 建造；
construct a sentence
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Build:
build house
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Put up:
put up a tent
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Erect: build up high buildings;
erect monument; erect clock tower.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Put up[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] erect[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] build[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] construct
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Construct, constructive [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]建设性的，constructor建设者
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Setup; establish; found : [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]建立
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Setup student’s union
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Establish a school/rule
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Found a country
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Setup[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] establish[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] found [font=宋体][size=12pt]Hip n. ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]口语中) 在服用兴奋剂的；宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人；消息灵通人士
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adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]通晓的，见闻广的
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Mary is a real hip. / The guy isn’t a hip.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Joined at the hip: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]交情极厚的;
These two are joined at the hip.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Shoot from the hip: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]信口开河;
Sorry, I shouldn’t have shot from the hip.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Full-length, full-grown, full-time
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Graceful: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]优雅的;
graceful lady
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Elegant: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]优雅的;
elegant lady; elegant behavior;
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Graceful[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] elegant
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]An interesting discovery. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调discovery, 主动语态难以突出重点
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]英文表达：事件、结果、影响、效果为主语，强调对客观事实的陈述。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Stand = lie, situate(vt.),locate (vt.)
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Stand: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示高高坐落于，矗立于;
A great tree stands on the mountain.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]For[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]引导的原因状语从句，是对主语的附加说明和解释，提供更多的信息。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Because[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]引导的原因状语从句，重点突出原因。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]The day broke for the birds were singing.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]For[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] because
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]At one time: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表达曾经、一度；= once

过去时态的标志
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]A young man with broad shoulders/ An old lady with black hair.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Beautifully decorated[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]过去分词作定语[/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]A beautifully dressed lady [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]衣着漂亮的女士
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be equipped with: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]装备、配备;
The car was equipped with air conditioning.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Beneath the narrow streets./ under the narrow streets.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Prep. Beneath = under
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]正下方
He is standing under/beneath the umbrella.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]在以下应用中不能用beneath.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Under[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示在进行中：under control; under discussion; under repairs
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Below: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]在下方，强调在斜下方，比under, beneath表示的范围广
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Beneath[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] under[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] below
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be used as = be used to be
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]把…用作为；be used to do
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]The box was used as a desk in the small village school.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]The wooden box is used to contain books. [font=宋体][size=12pt]Represent vt.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]代表;
I represent all the classmates.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Representative
n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]代表
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Date back to / date from[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] : [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]回朔到
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]The customs dating from 1990.

[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]The tradition dates from the time when his grandfather was young.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]

[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Happen to/it happens that: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调事情的偶然发生
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I happen to have driven that kind of car.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]我碰巧开过那种车
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I happened that I met her on my way to work.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Happen on: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]巧遇、偶遇
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]I happened on this old picture in the back of the drawer.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Guess, who I happened on while I was in London last month?
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Happen to[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] it happens that[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] happen on
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Reconstruct: put together, piece together, restore.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Amazed: very much surprised
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Surprised[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] astonished[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] amazed[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] astounded[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]都表示惊讶的，语气递增
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Turn out: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示结果
= prove
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]1. Turn out (to be)+ n./adj.
The concert turned out (to be) a failure.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]2. It turned out that…(that[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]从句，或其他名词从句，it作形式主语)
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
It turned out that the diamonds had been in the bank all the time.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]3. As it turns out
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
As it turns out, there was no need to worry. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]后来人们发现，…
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Rest on = depend on, lean on;
His hand rested on my shoulder.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Despite = in spite of +n./[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]动名词
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]So far, up to now
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]完成时的标志
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be employed in: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]被应用在…方面
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]In doing sth. : [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]在…方面
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Know: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]知道、认识；经历过，曾经有过（=experience）
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]文学用语，比experience更加正式。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Experience[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] know
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]To one’s surprise:
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]使某人感到惊讶的是（在句中可做独立的状语，句子的主语不必是某个人）;
To my great disappointment the train had already left.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]With surprise: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]惊讶地（首先，必须与行为动词连用，其次，句子的主语必须是某个人）
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]With satisfaction/delight/dismay [font=宋体][size=12pt]To one’s surprise[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] with surprise[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] in surprise
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]如果用possible/impossible, 要采用形式主语it
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]It has been impossible for the archaeologists to discover her identity.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Conserve = keep from being wasted, damaged, lost, destroyed
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
“[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不用尽或不耗尽某物，保留”
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Maintain :[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]通过修缮保养，不使…破损（强调动作的过程）“维修、保养”
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Maintain[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] conserve
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Turn out = prove
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]So far = until now, up till now
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Beforehand = in advance [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]事先
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]At this distance (of/in time)[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]时隔一久
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I can hardly remember him at this distance of time.
[/size][/font][/size][/font][/size][/font][/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 4
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Manual = physical : [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]体力的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Manual work: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]体力工作;
Mental work: 脑力工作
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]White-collar: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]白领 (do mental work)
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Blue-collar: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]蓝领 (do manual work)
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt](get) hot under the collar: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]怒气冲天
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Sacrifice:
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]vt.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: to give up for good purpose
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Sacrifice one’s life for the country
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Sacrifice time
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]n.: make many sacrifices

[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]privilege[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]好处 = advantage
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]特权 ＝ special right
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Sacrifice one’s advantage/privilege
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]牺牲掉自己的好处
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Give sb. the privilege of doing sth. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]特许某人做某事
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Privileged: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]荣幸的
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Overalls: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]（男）工作服
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Overall: ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]女)工作服
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Secret: n.& adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]秘密
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Keep secret: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]保密 /It’s between you and me./I’ll keep it to my self.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Confidential: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]机密的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]私下里：in secret/ in private/ privately
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In the secret: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]知道内情;
He was in the secret from the beginning.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Secret[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] confidential;
in secret[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] in the secret
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Status: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]地位 = special position
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Statue: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]塑像
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Far more money = much more money
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Far—[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]副词用来加强语气 = much
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Refer to…as = regard…as [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]把…看作为
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]I always refer to him as bookworm.([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]书呆子)
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]I always regard him as bookworm.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]For the reason that[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]比because正式，因此多用于正式文体。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Because[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] for the reason that [font=宋体][size=12pt]Human nature[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]人性
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Such…that…[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]
That[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]引导同位语从句，进一步补充说明such的基本内涵
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]His kindness was such that we will never forget him.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]= He is so kind that we will never forget him.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Such is human nature that we want to get a lot of things free.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be willing to do sth. = be ready to do sth.[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]心甘情愿做
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]引起，惹起: Give rise to, lead to, cause, result in
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Such conduct might give rise to misunderstandings.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]In the case of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]至于，就…而言 = concerning
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Stealing is no shame in the case of him.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In case of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]（连词）万一，以防
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be ashamed of

[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Get married: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示状态。Get married, be married.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Marry (v.): [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调动作。
He married the girl.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]如果表明和某人已经结婚多长时间了：be married to sb.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
The old man has been married to his wife for 50 years.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Marry[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] get married[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] be married (to sb.)
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]注意dress和wear的用法：[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]dressed in, wearing[/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]He got to work dressed in a beautiful coat.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]He left home wearing a smart black suit.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Changed into: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]换上
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Change back into: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]换回
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Before returning home = before he returned home
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]如果运用动名词形式，动名词的逻辑主语必须是主句的主语。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]After getting home, he had a good rest.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]She never will[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] = she will never discover the secret
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]在省略句中，never要放在助动词之前
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]“Will you go to see her?”
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]“I will never go to see her.”/”No, I never will.”
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Half(a quarter, twice, three times)as…as…--[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示倍数
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Half as much as [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]：是…的一半
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]比…多几倍：…times(和形容词或副词比较级连用)
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]This road is four times longer than that one.  = This road is four times as long as that one.




[font=宋体][size=12pt]Is [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]well worth[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] the loss of money: well[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]副词用来加强语气，修饰形容词worth.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
What he obtained is well worth the loss of time.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]英语中的许多动词不能以人作为宾语，只能代某物或某事，如果需要说明是某人就要用介
词to.
He told a story to me.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]两类词汇：接双宾语（[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]指物的直接宾语，指人的间接宾语[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]）：He told me a story.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]接单宾语（指物的直接宾语，间接宾语前加to）:
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Did you suggest this idea to me?
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]当直接宾语比较长或是从句时，通常放在间接宾语之后，但是say除外。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I explained to him the impossibility of granting his request.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Worth: adj.& prep.
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]后面只能跟名词或动名词[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]。His suggestion is worth considering.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Worthwhile adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]值得（做）的；　　Nursing is a very worthwhile career.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Simply [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]副词 = only, just. 这些词往往用在主体词（要被修饰的词）之前。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Used to: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]当主句的谓语动词是行为动词时，之后的动词必须省略掉。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Used to be: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]当主句的谓语动词是系动词时，之后必须带有系动词be。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I feel the summers are hotter than they used to be.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Gain: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]获利，赢得（表示通过努力）;
gain time, gain reputation
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fee: ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]为专业服务支付的)费用;
doctor’s fee, the lawyer’s fee
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Payment: ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]商业、信贷)支付的款项（正式用语）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Wages: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]（体力劳动者的）薪水
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Salary: ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]白领的)薪水
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Gain[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] fee[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] payment[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] wages[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] salary
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Compensate for = make up for[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]弥补
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 5
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Edit
v.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Editor n.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Edition n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]编辑
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Editorial adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]编辑的，主编的；
n. 社论，评论
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Edit[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] compile
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Go to extreme(s) to do[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]走极端
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
He went to extreme to say that the play was the best one.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Go from one extreme to the other[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]从一个极端到另一个极端
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Journalist: ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]杂志、新闻)记者
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Reporter: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]（电视台）记者
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Correspondent: ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]电台)记者，通讯员
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Journalist[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] reporter[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] correspondent
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Publish
vt. = print vt. = go to press[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt](vi.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]短语)
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
The book has already been published.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
The book has gone to press.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fire: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]解雇（口）;
He was fired from his job.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dismiss: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]解雇(正式)
The manager dismissed him from his company.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Sack: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]解雇，辞退（俚语） If you do it wrong again you will be sacked.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Sack[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] fire[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] dismiss
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Provide = supply : [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]给…提供（通常与介词搭配连用）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Provide sb. with sth. / provide sth. for sb.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
He provided them with a bed for the night.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
He provided a bed for them for the night.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Instruct sb. to do sth. = tell sb. formally to do sth. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]正式告诉某人某事
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tell[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] instruct
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]On = about [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]侧重强调课题专一;
A book on radio
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]About[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] on
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Refuse vt.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]拒绝（态度严厉）
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Decline vt.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]婉言谢绝
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Repudiate vt.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]断然拒绝
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]三者用法同.
Refuse sb. to do sth.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Decline[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] refuse[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] repudiate
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Set out to do = decide and try to do
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]决定，打算，着手做…
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
He set out to make his first 1,000,000 in 5 years.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Set out to do[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] set about doing [font=宋体][size=12pt]Take sb. a long time to do sth.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]某事花了某人很久的时间
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
It took me five days to write the article.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Two more faxes = another two faxes
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Reluctantly = unwillingly : [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]勉勉强强地，不情愿地
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]As it had originally been written = in its original way
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]句子的倒装[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]（部分）：
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]1. Not only[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]位于句首，必须采用倒装形式
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Not only had the poor man been arrested, but had been sent to prison as well.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]2. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]否定副词位于句首，要倒装。Never have I read such stories.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]常见的否定副词：never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, nowhere, no
sooner.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]3. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]含有only的状语位于句首，句子要倒装。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Only then did he realize that he had made a mistake.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]4. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]含有not的副词短语位于句首，句子要倒装。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Not in the least is he interested in English literature.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]5. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]含有no的短语位于句首，倒装。At no time, in no way, in no sense, by no means, in
no case, on no account, on no condition, under no circumstances: “绝不“
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
On no account must you leave the baby in the house.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]6. so, such[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]位于句首，倒装

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[font=宋体][size=12pt]请求允许、被允许：be allowed to do, be permitted to do, asked for permission to do.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]允许某人做某事：be given permission to do sth.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lead to[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]通向… ;
The road lead to the forest.
[/size][/font][/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 6
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Smash: (vt.) break sth. into pieces violently
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
(vi.) The dishes smashed on the floor.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Smash into: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]撞击到某处
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Grab: seize suddenly
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Catch: get hold of sth./sb. moving
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Snatch: catch sth./sb. suddenly and violently
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Seize: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调抓住、抓到的结果。
Fear seized her.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Grasp: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调“掌握”
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hold: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调抓牢、抓紧
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Seize[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] grab[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] catch[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] snatch[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] grasp[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] hold
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]On the background of sth.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] : [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]以…为背景
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Background information
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]A man of excellent background
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Scramble(vi.) : creep quickly
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Mount: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]登上;
Mount the hill
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Climb[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] mount[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] creep[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] scramble
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fantastic: 1. very great/large
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
2. strange
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
3. wonderful
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Beijing[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt], our capital, is developing enormously(at fantastic speed).
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Our capital[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]做Beijing的同位语。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]运用ing形式结构，其逻辑主语要和主句的主语保持一致。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]本课的重点句式：[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]with[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]的复合结构[/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]如果宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上有主谓关系，应该采用动词ing形式。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]

She sat staring into the distance with tears streaming down her cheeks.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
She stood there with her hands resting on her hips.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]如果是动宾关系，应该采用过去分词形式作宾补。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
He ran into the room with his face covered with tears.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
With his homework finished, he felt happy.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]如果是说明当时的情况，常用形容词、副词、介词短语表明宾语的状态。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
He used to sleep with all the windows open.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
He went out with his hat on.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
With the meeting over, we went home.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
He came in with a knife in his hand.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]如果变到某事将要展开发生，要用动词不定式。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
With a lot of work to do, he can’t go to the cinema. [font=宋体][size=12pt]With[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]用于句首或句尾，常表示状语、行为方式、原因、伴随状况等。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]如果跟在名词之后，是用来修饰限定该名词。A room with the windows open.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Come to[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]后面常接名词，表示达到
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Come to a stop/an end/a decision/an agreement/an understanding/success/fame.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]停车：stop, draw up, pull up
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Help oneself to:
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]自便
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]My roommate helped herself to my clothes without asking me.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]At a fantastic/ tremendous/ high/ full speed
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]With great speed
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of jewel[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]几十万的珠宝
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]

[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]前缀构词法：
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dis[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]加在形容词前—agreeable
disagreeable
content
discontent
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　　　　　　　graceful
disgraceful
honest
dishonest
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　　　　　　satisfactory
dissatisfactory
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]dis[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]加在名词前—agreement
disagreement
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
honesty
dishonesty
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
ability
disability
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
grace
disgrace
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
comfort
discomfort
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]dis[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]加在动词前—agree
disagree
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
appear
disappear
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
believe
disbelieve
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]dis-[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]还可以表示出去、解除。在名词前加dis得到动词形式
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]　　courage
discourage
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
root
disroot
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
mask

dismask
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
burden
disburden
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]il—[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]加在以l开头的形容词前
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]　　legal
illegal
logical
illogical
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
literate
illiterate
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]im—[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]加在以b, m, p开头的形容词前
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
possible
impossible
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
mortal
immortal
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
moral
immoral
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
balanced
imbalanced
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]ir—[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]加在以r开头的形容词前
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]　　regular
irregular
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
rational
irrational
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
resistible
irresistible [font=宋体][size=12pt]in—[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]主要用于其它字母开头的词前
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]　　human
inhuman
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
correct
incorrect
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
justice
injustice
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
sincere
insincere
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]

[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]un—[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]只能用于形容词和动词之前
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]　不　　happy
unhappy
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
friendly
unfriendly
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
lucky
unlucky
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]无　
conditional
unconditional
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
limited
unlimited
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]

[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]非　　official
unofficial
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
just
unjust
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]未，主要用于过去分词之前
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]　　　　undecided
unfinished
unexpected
unhurt
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]用于动词之前表示相反的动作
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]　　　
lock
unlock
tie
untie
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
cover
uncover
pack
unpack
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
dress
undress
load
unload
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]semi—[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]半，不完全地
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
semiconductor, semifinal
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]dis[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] il[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] im[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] ir[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] in[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] un[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] semi
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]on one’s way to do[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]；
He is on the way to become a lawyer.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]名词具有修饰词的时候，语序是形容词、名词
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]　An old village school
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Reversed: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]倒车；
The car reversed through the gate.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]For the time being : temporarily
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Meanwhile : at the same time (in the meantime)
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fly - flown [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不能用于被动语态;
go flying, send something flying
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]A gust of wind sent the paper flying in all directions.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hurled: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]用力的投掷
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Projected: send up
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 7
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Mutilate vt. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]经常用于被动语态
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]１．[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]损伤、残害
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]He was mutilated in the accident, and now has only one leg.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]A mutilated note
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]２．把…搞砸了= spoil
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
You’ve already mutilated the novel by making such changes.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Mutilation n.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Don’t bite off more than one can chew.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Chew the fat[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]聊天(=chat)
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Chewed up[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]着急的，担心的；　　Don’t get worried(chewed up) about your examination.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Micro[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]前缀—tiny
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Microwave, microswitch, microfilm, microscope, microphone, microbiology
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Macro[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]前缀—great, large
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Keep something safe;

Keep your ID card safe.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Keep safe[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] safekeeping;[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]
Safekeeping n.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]妥善保管
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Do evil: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]干坏事　[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] evil doing
n.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Make trouble[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] trouble making
n.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Identity
n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]身份
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Identify
v.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]识别
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Identification
n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]认明，确认
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Spokeswoman, spokesman
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]大词小用所起到的作用――加强语气
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Whiter than white
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fortunately for them[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt], luckily for them, happily for them
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Make a claim: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]索赔
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Feed something to: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]把…喂给
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Concern: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]涉及到　= is about
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dismay: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]沮丧　= depress
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Beautifully-cooked wallet[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]用一种讽刺的口吻
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pay for: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]为…付款;　　We paid 80 dollars for the dictionary.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pay off: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]还清债务;　　The couple have already paid their debts off.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pay back [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　１．把钱归还回去　pay money back
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　


２．报复、报仇　　pay somebody back
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pay for[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] pay off[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] pay back
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]如何利用后缀：
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Less[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示否定概念： care
careless
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Ful[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示有、充满了：hopeful, careful
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Ly: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]形容词＋ly=副词；　名词＋ly=形容词　daily, weekly
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Ic: energetic
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Ish: childish, womanish
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]一般来说，如果表示某人的，就用’。Mary’s book.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]如果采用介词of表示所属关系，被修饰词前要出现定冠词。The book of Mary.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Merry’s book[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] the book of Mary
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]In charge of[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]负责；　I’m in charge of financial affairs.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In the charge of[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]由某人来负责;
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dispatch = deliver
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]当表假设时，用suppose, supposing, 而不用supposed.
[/size][/font][/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 8
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Monastery:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]修道院　　monk居住　abbot:修道院院长
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Convent:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]修道院　　nun(修女)居住　　abbess:女修道院院长
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Rashly = boldly
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Privacy: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]清净、隐居
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Easter: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]复活节；　　at Easter, at Christmas, at Thanksgiving.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]把…连接在一起：connect/join Switzerland to Italy; Link Switzerland with Italy.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Connect…with: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]把…与某事连接在一起
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]　I can’t connect the picture with my friend Mary.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be connected with: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]与…有联系
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]　Are you connected with the government?
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Connect…to/with…[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] join…to…[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] link…with…
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]At 2,473 meters: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]介词短语修饰全句，用于句首表示原因、条件或状态。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In red, she looks much more beautiful.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的最大区别：
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]非限定定语从句只是对主句或主句中所出现的某个名词的补充说明和解释，去掉对主句影响不大。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]限定性定语从句是主句中不可缺少的一部分。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]There were very few passengers, who escaped without seriously injury.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]旅客很少，都逃出来了，没有受到严重的伤害。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]There were very few passengers who escaped without seriously injury.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]没有受重伤而逃出来的旅客很少。
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]The taxi drivers, who knew about the traffic jam, took another road.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]所有的司机都走了另一条路。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]The taxi drivers who knew about the traffic jam took another road.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]　只有知道交通堵塞的司机走了另一条路。
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]非限定定语从句的引导词：
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]指人：　who
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]指事物只能：which（不能用that）
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]指代时间：when
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]指代地点用：where　
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Found: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]建立 = set up/establish
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Live[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]生命，lives
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Now that[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]既然;　 用做时间连接词时，后面通常用完成式。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Now that you have left university, you have to find a job.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]用做原因连接词时，后面时态不限。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]　Now that you won’t help me, I must do the job myself.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Whoever, whatever, whenever, wherever, whichever, however
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]= no matter who/what/when/where/which/how
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]You can telephone me whenever you like.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Whichever day you come, we’ll be pleased to see you.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]However busy you are, you must spare some time to study English.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]

[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Attempt to do something = try to do something. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]但是语气比try正式
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Try[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]attempt
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]In cars = by car
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]About[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]= here and there =[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]around[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　：[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]到处、周围
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Don’t litter waste paper about.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Look about([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]四周看), go about, run about, wander about.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Keep: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]使某人或某物处于某种状态，经常和介词短语、形容词、分词（现在和过去分词）搭配连用，表示一种状态。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]　Keep him out.
Keep him in. Don’t keep the cat in the room.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Quite different[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　　 完全不同
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Quite the opposite[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　完全相反
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Prefer sth. to sth.:
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]
I prefer reading to doing nothing.[/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]另一种表达：Prefer to do than do sth.:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] He prefers to read than do nothing.[/size][/font]



[font=宋体][size=12pt]The regular visitors to Beijing. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]定期来北京的游客
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be best known for = be famous for[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]众所周知
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Let sb. do: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]让某人做某事
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Whenever = if ever[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt];
Whenever(if ever) you pour oil on water, it floats.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In case: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]主要是讨论预防措施
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
You should insure your house in case there is a fire.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Drift = float
[/size][/font][/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 9
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be fascinated with: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]迷上什么；
He is fascinated with chess.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Like[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] love[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] be fond of[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] be crazy about[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] be mad about
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fascination, fascinating, fascinated.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Affectionate adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]柔情的；
Cats are affectionate animals.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Affectionately
adv.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]；
The lady is looking that man affectionately.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Affection
n.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Mysterious
adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]神秘的； a mysterious plan/explanation.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Mystery
n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]谜团；


His death is a mystery.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Submissive
adj. = obedient
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]服从的; Be submissive to sb.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Submit v. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]服从;
submit oneself to sb./sth.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Submission n.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Never fail to[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]双重否定意为肯定，运用双否结构加深了句子的语义。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
If you ask for help in the polite way, you never fail to succeed.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]双重否定结构(用于加强语气)：
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]1. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]否定词＋fail to[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: never/cannot/don’t fail to:
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]2. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]否定的形容词之前加以否定[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]。Unreasonable, not unreasonable:
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
It is quite common for us to make mistakes.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]It is quite not uncommon for us to make mistakes.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]3. not + without[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]:
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]You can’t obtain English without working hard.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]4. no + not[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]:
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
There is no cat that doesn’t like fish.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Have learned to[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]学会了; 习惯了
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
People have learned to expect that trains are punctual.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be suspicious of sb. : [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对什么表示怀疑，存有戒心
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]句型： one of the things that fascinates us most, that引导定语从句
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be based on[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]基于…基础之上；
be based on fact
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Base sth. on[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]把某事加强在什么基础之上； We base the theory on the fact.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Make a (close) study of sth.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对什么作出研究
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Over a period of five months = for five months; [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]前者更正式
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]For five months[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] over a period of five months([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]正式)
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In common = the same
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fall off: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]坠落、掉落
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Die from: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]死于（非自然原因）；die from shock/injures/wound
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Die of:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]死于（自然原因）； die of illness/disease/hunger/thirst
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Die of[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] die from
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Shortage = lack [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]缺乏，与of搭配。Shortage of/ lack of
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
There is no shortage of high buildings in New York.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lack of[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] shortage of
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Suffer from: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]遭受什么痛苦
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
A lot of people in the world are suffering from terrible disease.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Behave like = act like
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be likely to do: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]有可能如何，强调可能性
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
In cold winter, we are likely to catch a cold.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]And more: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]甚至更多
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]At high speeds
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Stretch out: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]充分伸展
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Endlessly fascinating[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]无穷的，特别吸引人的魅力
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]For: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对人们来讲
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]With: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对于人们来讲，强调对比概念
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
With some children, their pocket money goes a long way.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]For[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] with
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]In the way that[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]
:
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]以…方式
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I love you in the way that you love me.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
We like modern art in the same way that we like beautiful….
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In the same way that: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]以…同样的方式
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]It is said that…: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]据说
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]It is announced that…: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]据宣布
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]It is reported that…[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]：据报道
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]During [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]在…期间（时间较短）;
During our holiday; during the week.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Through [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]侧重强调从空间穿过;
Through the crowd; Monday trough Friday.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Throughout [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]贯穿始终;
Throughout their lives
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]During[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] through[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] throughout
[/size][/font][/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 10
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Colossal: large in size [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]庞大的;
A ship Titanic was colossal.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Big: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]大的，重要的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Large: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]体积大，数量大；
an empty large box; a large number of people
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Great: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]伟大
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Vast: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]辽阔，广阔的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Immense: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不可测量的；
an immense stadium
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Enormous: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]重点突出数量、程度、体积大； 强调程度时，语意强于big.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Giant: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]巨大的，高大的；
a giant person;
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Gigantic: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]同giant
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tremendous: big, fast, powerful; The plane is traveling at tremendous speed.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Titanic: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]用于修饰人和物的体积大、力量大。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Huge: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调体积、数量大；
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Colossal[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] big[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] large[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] great[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] vast[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] immense[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] enormous[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] giant[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] gigantic[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] tremendous[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] titanic[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] huge
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Watertight: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不漏水的;
引申为无懈可击的，毫无破绽的；
Watertight arguments.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Waterproof: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]防水的；
waterproof watch
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Flood vt.: be filled with water; the ship was flooded.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]引申： The room was flooded with moonlight.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Our classroom is flooded with sunshine.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Flood n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]洪水；
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In flood: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]河水泛滥;[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]
During the rains, the river is in flood.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In flood[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]引申表示连续不断的;
In a flood of words: 滔滔不绝的
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Float = drift
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tragic = unfortunate;
A tragic accident
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Miserable [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]苦难的； bitter 痛苦的；
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tragedy n.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]悲剧，惨案。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In tragedy [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]以悲剧形式。 The holiday ended in tragedy.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Comedy: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]喜剧； comic 喜剧的； comical 古怪的，可笑的（贬义）
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Comedy[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] misery[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] tragedy
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Voyage [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]海上航行； journey 长途行程；flight 飞行；
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Navigation [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]航海，航海术；
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Voyage[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] journey[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] flight
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Collide vi. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]碰撞、抵触；
The plane collided with the mountain.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Crash v. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]坠毁
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Conflict vi. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]和某事（某人）相抵触; My idea conflicts with yours.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Clash vi.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]相冲突； His wedding clashed with my examination, so I couldn’t go.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Conflict[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] clash[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] collide[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] crash [font=宋体][size=12pt]
[font=宋体][size=12pt][font=宋体][size=12pt]Tremble v.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]有规律的、小幅度的抖动
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Look, your hands are trembling, what’s wrong with you?
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Shiver: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调由于寒冷、惧怕而一连串地抖动； I found he’s shivering in a cold.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Shudder: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调全身的战栗；
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tremble[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] shiver[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] shudder
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]

[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Faint: weak [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]弱的; faint/weak sound; faint/weak voice;
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Faint: unconscious [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]失去知觉； He has been faint for a long time.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Slight: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]轻微的，微不足道的；
A slight headache.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Faint[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] weak[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] slight
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Abandon: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]抛弃；因为某事而被迫放弃自己喜爱的事情。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
He abandoned his research because of the war.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Desert: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]背弃，遗弃； desert the army; desert the duty; desert his family;
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Abandon[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] desert
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Plunge: jump or rush suddenly and wildly
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
He got so angry that he plunged into the water.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Jump: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调快速地跳。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Leap: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]跳跃
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dive: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]跳水
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Sail for: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]航海去往某处
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]出发去往某处： set out(off) for, leave for, head for, make for
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]A crew of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]一组船员
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]By: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示依据；
By modern standards; by regulation; by rules;
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]According to: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]依据（事实、课文等客观存在的现实）； according to the fact;
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In accordance with: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]比according to更加正式，依据法律。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]依据：By[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] according to[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] in accordance with
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be regarded as[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: be considered to be, be thought of as
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]把…看作为
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]口语：regard sb./sth. as+(n./pron./adj./doing/done).
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I regard his idea as unacceptable.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be able to [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调有能力
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be remembered: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]被永远记住
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]On her first voyage: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]首航，处女航
[/size][/font]

[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]With heavy loss of life
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Waters: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]水域，海域
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Just in time: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]很及时
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]From below: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]从下方； from above: 从上方；
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]From inside; from outside;
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]To one’s horror: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]使某人感到惊骇
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]To one’s surprise
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]The order was given: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]命令被下达
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Order sb. to do sth. [/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] the order to do sth.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be able to do [/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] the ability to do sth.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be capable of doing sth. [/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] capability of doing sth.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]构词法后缀：

[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]1. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]动词后加-er, 如果是以不发音的-e结尾的，只加-r，表示行为的主动者，做某事的人。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Work-worker, teach-teacher, murder-muderer, write-writer, read-reader
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]2. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]动词后加-ist, 表示某种主义者，信仰者；从事某种事业、研究的人。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Copy-copyist, type-typist, novel-novelist, drug-druggist, tobacco-tobacconist.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]3. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]形容词后加-ness,变成抽象名词，表示一种性质、情况、状态。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Kind-kindness, bitter-bitterness, happy-happiness.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]4. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]某些名词后加-ion, 构成名词。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]

Suggest-suggestion, collect-collection.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]以-te结尾的动词，把不发音的-e去掉，再加-ion.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]

Translate-translation, complete-completion, graduate-graduation.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]某些以-aim/-ain结尾的动词，把-i去掉，再加-ation.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Explain-explanation, exclaim-exclamation
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]5. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]以-ity结尾，放在形容词之后，构成抽象名词，表示性质、状态。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]以-able/-ible结尾的形容词变成名词，变成-ability/-ibility
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Able-ability, probable-probability, possible-possibility, mobile-mobility
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]On board the plane/the train/the ship
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Veer = turn
[/size][/font][/size][/font][/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 11
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Guilty
adj.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]犯罪的，违法的; He said that with a guilty smile.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Guilt n.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Guiltily adv.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Opposite: innocent, innocence[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　(n.)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tolerant adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]宽容的；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tolerantly [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　adv.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tolerance [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　n.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tolerate vt. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]忍受（折磨和痛苦）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tolerable adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]可以忍受的；
The hardship is tolerable.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hardened adj.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]有经验的（侧重于老练的）；a hardened player/thief.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Experienced [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]侧重于有经验的； an experienced teacher
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Experienced[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　hardened
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Officious
adj.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]爱管闲事的 ；
A lot of old ladies are officious.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Officiously
adv. ;
An officious police officer.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Officiousness
n.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Official
n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]官员；公务员
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]adj.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]官方的，官员的，正式的；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]officer
n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]政府官员
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]　　　　　 v. 指挥
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]　　
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Confidently = with confidence
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Confident adj.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Confidence n.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Have confidence: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]有信心
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Gain confidence: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]获得信心
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In confidence[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]悄悄的，神秘的 = secretly
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Take sb. into one’s confidence: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]以某人为心腹
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dreadful = frightful
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dreadful [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]侧重于可怕的，乱七八糟的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fearful [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示胆怯的，恐惧的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fearful[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] dreadful(frightful)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Perfume: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]香水（人造的）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fragrance: ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]抽象名词)芬芳，芳香
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Perfume[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] fragrance
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Duty: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]税;
Customs Duty:关税；
Stamp Duty:印花税；duty free:免税的；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]同义词：tax;
income tax: 所得税；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Duty[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] tax [font=宋体][size=12pt]Mix sth. with
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Mixture
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Baggage [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]同义词 luggage
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]我们在运用形容词、动词时，往往需要用副词来强调。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]表示“真正的” really;
a really officious person
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]强调“特别、尤其是” particularly
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]强调“绝对的”
absolutely
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]强调“完全的，彻底的” completely, entirely, fully, thoroughly
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]强调“特别，特别是”
extremely
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fairly— [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调“一般般”;
a fairly good book.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Very—[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]语气程度强烈“非常”;
a very good book.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Rather—[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]语意程度接近fairly,注意修饰形容词和副词，特别是修饰形容词同时修饰名词时，不定冠词的位置。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
A fairly good book.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]
A rather good book./ Rather a good book. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]后者更常用)
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The thing is rather too difficult to me. (rather[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]可以和too连用)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Quite—quite right/wrong/mistaken/sure [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]这时不能换用very
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fairly[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] rather[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] very[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] quite
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Make, have, let[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]及感官性动词see, hear, notice, feel用于主动语态，符合宾语不定式的to符号应该省略。但这种结构改成被动式时，不定式符号必须还原。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]We heard someone come up the stairs.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Someone was heard to come up the stairs.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt](on the one hand…),on the other hand…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Even if = even though
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Looking me in the eye: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]两眼直盯盯的注视着我
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Look sb. in the face, look/stare sb. in the eye = look directly at sb.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]With great care[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] –[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调相当的仔细
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]介词in和名词搭配，表示一种状态。[i]
[/i][/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In a mess[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]，in good order, in good health, in a good mood, in a good temper
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Light up: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]喜气洋洋，容光焕发
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Light[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]的过去式，过去分词可以为:lit, lighted
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]但是如果运用过去分词作定语，表示被点燃的，要用lighted. A lighted cigar/stick. [font=宋体][size=12pt]介词短语with delight ”欣喜若狂地“
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]With[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]和抽象名词搭配，表示内心充满了一种感情
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With confidence[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]自信地, with care细心地, with pride骄傲地，with surprise
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]

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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pounce on[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]向…猛扑过去; 对…大做文章
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
The policeman pounced on the thief.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Don’t pounce on my mistake.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Should have done[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]应该做而没做，具有谴责的味道。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Should not have done[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]不应该做而做了
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Exempt: adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]免除的，被免除的；
be exempt from
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Drinks are not exempt from import duty.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]As-[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]关系代词，引导非限定性定语从句，他所指代的内容就是主句的整个句子的含义。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]
As we know, the earth is round.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]关系代词as和which的区别：
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
As[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]所引导的非限定性定语从句可以用在主句之前。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Which[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]引导的非限定性定语从句，只能用在主句之后。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Encouragingly adv.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 12[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　(wish[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]if only[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]虚拟语气)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Desert
n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]沙漠
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Desert
v. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]抛弃（注意：两者发音不同）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dessert
n.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]甜点
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Paradise[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]
n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]天堂，乐土； 用于比喻
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Heaven: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]天堂，天国，也指死亡
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Heaven[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] paradise
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hell
n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]地狱
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Wretched = miserable
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Starve to death: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]饿死
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be hungry to death: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]饿的要死
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be hungry to death[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]starve to death
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Golden opportunity
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Opportunity[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] knocks only once. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]千载难逢的机会
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]同义词：chance，表机会时可以和opportunity互换，表可能性时不可。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Chance[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表可能性时，有时用复数chances
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]

The chances are that he will be elected the president.([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]可能性)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Opportunity[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　chance
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Genuinely
adv. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]由衷地；
He is genuinely thankful to me.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Genuine
adj.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Genuineness n.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Form an unrealistic picture of sth. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对…抱有不切实际的幻想
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
A large number of people have formed an unrealistic picture of the job.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Imagine sth. to be = imagine sth. as
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Quite the opposite: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]恰恰相反
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Either you or me am going to the party.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]An element of truth = a bit of truth
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[font=宋体][size=12pt][font=宋体][size=12pt]虚拟语气：(wish, if only)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Wish[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]做谓语动词，其后的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气。虚拟语气的结构形式取决于所表达的实际情况。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]1. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]如果表达对现在的遗憾或与现在相反的情况，that从句中的动词要采用过去时，be动词要用were.
I wish you could drive a car.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]2. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]如果表达对过去的遗憾或与过去相反的情况，that从句中的动词要采用过去完成时
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I wish I hadn’t spent so much money.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I wish what you had written to him.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]3. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]如果表达与将来事实相反的情况或将来不可能实现的心愿，that从句中要使用would, could等情态动词的过去时
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I wish that I could go abroad tomorrow.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I wish that you could come here tomorrow.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]If only[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]的用法和wish一致，但if only比wish更富有戏剧性和感情色彩。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
If only the weather would change.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I wish the weather would change.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Wish[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] if only
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Load…with: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]把…装载到…上
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The workers are loading the truck with goods.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hardly any: very little/few
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
You hardly eat anything, what’s wrong?
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Prove to be = turn out to be
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Put = express
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]运用be动词，说明现在情况相反的概念，无论什么人称，be动词都用were.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Essential = very necessary
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]在表示类指概念的时候，可以采用名词的复数形式；或者运用名词的单数形式，注意冠词的修饰。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]觉得、发现某人或某事怎么样：find sb./sth. to be
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
They found the trip (to be) interesting/very exciting.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]某人或某事被发现怎么样――常用被动语态
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
The car is found to be beautiful.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 13
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Costume ball: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]化妆舞会
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Costume party, fancy (dress) party
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Consist of—[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]本身表示了被动含义，不用被动语态
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Our class consists of 100 students.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]同义短语：be made up of = comprise(也用主动)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Comprise: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调整体由部分构成
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
The United Kingdom comprises G.B. and Northern Ireland.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be composed of—[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调由什么成分所组成
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Water was composed of oxygen and hydrogen.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Constitute: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调由部分构成整体
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
G.B. and Northern Ireland constitute The United Kingdom.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]组成：Consist of[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] comprise[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] constitute[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] be composed of
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Effective: adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]有作用的，有明显效果的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
His words was effective.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Influential: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]有潜移默化的影响力的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
What our parents do is influential to children.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Efficacious: ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]医药)有效的，灵验的；
The drug is efficacious.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fruitful: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]有成效的； Their experiment is fruitful.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Comfortable
adj.; uncomfortable
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Comfort
n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]舒适;
v. 安慰;

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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Discomfort
n.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Flee: ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]总称)泛泛强调逃离危险的境地。
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The people fled in panic when the bull got loose.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Escape: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]逃出监狱，逃出牢笼。
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He was able to escape from the house.
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Vt. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]逃掉，逃出； I’m sorry your name escaped me. /They tried escape death.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Flee[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] escape
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Slam = bang[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt];
slam/bang the door.
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He left the room slamming/banging the door behind him.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]不定式to,在大部分情况下，表示否定概念。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Too…to: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]太…而不能
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Not/never too…to: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]并不太…所以能够[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]； never too old to learn.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]如果在副词too前发现all, but, only等，不定式to的概念也是肯定的。
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They are all too satisfied to work with you.
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He was but too eager to get home.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Too…to[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] not/never too…to [font=宋体][size=12pt]Dress up as: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]化妆成为
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]The night before: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]前一个晚上（以过去的某一个时间为基准点）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Last night: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]昨天晚上（以现在为基准点）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]be impatient to do sth.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]急于要做某事，迫不及待
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]＝eager, anxious, hungry, thirsty, desperate, can’t wait(口语)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]不定式to，用于形容词后面，作它的状语。
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The book is difficult (for me) to read. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]注意此种用法里to read前省略了for sb.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]主动形式――表达被动概念。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]1. The music is sweet to hear./The book is worth reading.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]2. The machine needs repairing.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]3. The house is under construction.([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]介词under表达被动的意味[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt])
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]4. Come into use;
The airport came into use again.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]5. Our time has already gone to waste. ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]浪费掉，付诸东流)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]6. She is a respectable person.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]-able[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]形容词后缀，跟在动词后面表达“能够被…的”
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
This is a returnable bottle.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]7. Consist of, comprise[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]本身表达被动概念，结构形式为主动。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Come in – come straight in [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]直接近来
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]If ever – ever[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]用于条件句，表示任何时候，任何场合。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]If ever = when ever;
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When ever/if ever he is in trouble I’ll be on the spot.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Not wanting [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]–[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]分词的否定结构形式，做原因状语。多用于句首，也可插入句中，主谓之间。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]

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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Read the meter: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]查电表
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Let out a cry = utter a cry = give a cry: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]大叫了一声
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Jump back several paces: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]后退了好几步 [font=宋体][size=12pt]Special difficulties: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]形容词＋动词不定式
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]He was delighted to learn that…
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]I was glad to hear that…
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]He was anxious to leave…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]1.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]感情形容词后的不定式通常是表示原因，在句中做原因状语。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Happy; relieved; astonished; amazed; surprised; horrified; disappointed; sad; embarrassed; shocked;

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[font=宋体][size=12pt]He was frightened when he saw the snake.--> He was frightened to see the snake.

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[font=宋体][size=12pt]I was sorry when I learn that…[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] I was sorry to learn that…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]2.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不定式也可以放在表语之后，主语是不定式的实际宾语。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]　The car is hard to park.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]3.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]在少数几个动词后，可用做结果不定式。Learn; find; see; hear; be told;
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]

He woke up to find everyone gone.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]4.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]在不定式前加only, 表示意想不到的，出乎意料的结果。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]　He hurried to the post office only to find it was shut(closed).
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Take sb. in[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] : [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]使某人信以为真; 让某人上当
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]See sb. do sth.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　看见某人做某事
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]做宾语补足语时，不定式符号to被省略。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]At the very moment
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]就在此刻
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]As long as/so long as [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]用来引导条件句，表示只要
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]If…happen to…[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示某事偶然发生
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
If you happen to pass the baker’s, pick me up a brown loaf, would you?
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Reading [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示仪表或者仪器上的指数、读数。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
What are the temperature reading for the week?
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Shout to sb. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对某人高声喊
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Shout at sb. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对某人大喊大叫
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Yell at
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Snap at
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 14
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]　
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]A band of gangster:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]一伙强盗
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Robber:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　抢劫犯
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Bandit:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　土匪
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Brigand:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　强盗、土匪、盗贼、草寇（书面用语）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hooligan:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　流氓，不良分子
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hoodlum:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　罪犯，恶汉（口语）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Rascal:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　淘气，捣蛋鬼（口语）；语气比hooligan, hoodlum弱
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Protection money: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]保护费
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Protect from[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]；　We must protect our eyes from the sunshine.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Protective adj.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]保护的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Protector: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]保护者（与人有关的）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Protege : [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]被保护者
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]On time: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]准时
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In time:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　及时
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Punctually: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]守时地
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Destroy: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调毁灭，消灭，完全地摧毁
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Damage:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　强调受损程度不很严重，可以被修复
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Spoil:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　强调把事情搅和了
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Break:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　强调弄坏、弄断
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Break[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] spoil[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] damage[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] destroy
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Remarkable = unusual; uncommon; extraordinary;
A remarkable event [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不同寻常的事
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Outstanding: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]突出的，杰出的，卓越的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]　Our headmaster is an outstanding youth.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Distinguished: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]杰出的，卓越的；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]eminent: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]有名的，杰出的；（distinguished的同义词）两者用于修饰从事严肃领域的人。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
A distinguished physicist/lawyer; an eminent judge/surgeon;
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Well-known:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　强调众所周知的; This is a well-known fact.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Famous: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]因卓越的贡献和成绩而流芳百世的；Luxun is famous for his articles.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Notorious: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]臭名昭著的；　Hitler is notorious.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Infamous: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]声名狼藉的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Renowned: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]某人后某事以其独特的品质、个性而文明。　Hangzhou is renowned for…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Infamous[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] notorious[/size][/font]



[font=宋体][size=12pt]A band of robbers [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]一伙强盗
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]A mob of hooligans [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]一伙流氓；　　　Mob n. 表示贬义色彩的团伙、帮派；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]A gang of thieves; gang n.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]一伙
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]A nest of bandits; nest n.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]窝
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]A pack of hoodlums; pack n.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]团伙、帮派 [font=宋体][size=12pt]Hire, rent, let:
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hire out: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]租出，表示各种租出
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]　Does this firm hire out cars?
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Rent out: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]租给，雇给；主要强调出租房屋
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]　He rent out his house to a tourist.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Let: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]出租房屋。　Let his house./ please let your house to me.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hire from; rent from: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]租进来
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]　He hired a car from us;/ I rent a room from Mrs. Johnsone.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Let[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] rent[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] hire
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]表示雇佣：
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hire:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　指短期雇佣体力劳动者。
He hired two helpers.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Employ: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]指长期雇佣或聘用脑力劳动者。We employed her as our advisor.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hire[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] employ
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dedicate, devote:
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dedicate[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]献身、奉献；比devote更为正式而庄重。二者常和to连用。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I devote my time to helping my students.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
He dedicates his life to his motherland.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Devote to[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] dedicate to
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Brave adj.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]勇敢的；　The boy is brave.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Valiant adj.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]英勇的;
During the war, soldiers are valiant.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fearless adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]大无畏的，无所畏惧的；　We are fearless in time of danger.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Courageous adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]有胆量的，有勇气的；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Brave[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] valiant
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Courageous[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] fearless
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Memory n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]记忆力；　You have a good memory.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Memory n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]纪念；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In memory of sb./to the memory of sb. = in one’s honor/ in the honor of sb.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
If my memory serves me well, you’re Tom.([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]口语)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In return for[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]目的是为了换取…; 作为对…的回报。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
He gave me some books in return for my help.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Promptly = immediately
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Put a man out of business: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]使某人失业
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Put sb./sth. out of…[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]使某人失去…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
You are putting me out of patience.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
You have already put everything out of order.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Put it out of your mind.[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]忘记这件事吧 [font=宋体][size=12pt]As long ago as = dating back to [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]追朔回到
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]

I knew Jane as long ago as the year 1980.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Would rather…than…[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]宁愿…而不…；He would rather die than surrender.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]= would prefer to do…than do…/would prefer doing…to doing…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]He would prefer to die than surrender./He would prefer dying to surrendering.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]否定形式结构：would rather not do
宁愿不做
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Would rather/would sooner + that[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]宾语从句（过去式）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I would rather that you were not here.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Life work: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]毕生的事业
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Made a name for himself[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] = become famous
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]They soon made quite a name for themselves as pop singers.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Come to/get to: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调渐渐的
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I come to be known to my students.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I got to know him.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]At war: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]交战；　at war with: 与…交战；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In times of peace: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]在和平时期
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]March into: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]大踏步行军
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Burn down [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]烧毁；　burn up烧光；　burn out 烧空；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Give sb. a state funeral: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]给某人举行国葬
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be dedicated to the memory of sb.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]介词on和名词相搭配，表示某种状态。 On his death…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]介词on和动名词搭配，表示一个动作，“一…就…”;
On seeing him, I ran away.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]On: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]状态；一…就…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Prepared: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]心甘情愿的（=willing）;
Be willing to do, be prepared to do
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Agreeable: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]宜人的，惬意的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Desirable:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]吸引人的（=attractive）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 15
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Appreciate v.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]欣赏；感激;
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The poem is too difficult for me to appreciate.([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]欣赏)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I appreciate your help. = be thankful/ grateful to sb.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]（感激）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pocket money: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]给孩子的零花钱
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Beer money: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]给丈夫的零花钱
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Mad money: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]女子留作应急之用的私房钱
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Green money: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]美金
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Soft/folding money: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]纸币，钞票
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hard money: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]硬币
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Thrifty[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　adj.节俭的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]同义词：economical, frugal
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]反义词：extravagant 浪费的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Bounce v.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]弹起。　The coin was bounced.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]同义词：jump(跳跃)，leap(跃)，hop(单足跳)，spring(弹跳，n.弹簧)，skip(跳跃，略过)。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Bound v. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]跳跃
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Rebound v.& n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]回弹
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Bound[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] rebound[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] bounce
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be bound for[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]驶往
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Stick v.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]卡住；坚持；粘贴
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My finger was stuck in the machine.
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You must stick to your idea.
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Stick the stamp on the envelop.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Stick with: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]忠实于…(=be faithful to)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fire brigade: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]消防队
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Grease: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]润滑油
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Provide a regular supply of…: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]定期地提供
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Provide sth. for sb./ provide sb. with sth.:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]为某人提供某物
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]零花钱：
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Small gifts of money, pocket money, extra income
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Go a long way[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]维持很久，可买很多东西(=last a long time)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]The money we have will go a long way.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Go a long way towards[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对…大有帮助
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]　This will go a long way towards overcoming the difficulty. [font=宋体][size=12pt]介词with和for的区别：
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]For: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]“关于，对于…来说，考虑到…的事实“
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]　The weather is quite warm for November.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]With: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]“在某一方面”（多用于二者的比较）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]　With some people, pleasure is more important than work.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Penny[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]便士的复数：pence, pennies
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]A fifty pence: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]一个五十便士的硬币
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]A fifty pennies:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　五十个一便士的硬币
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Exchange for: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]换取，以…来交换
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In return for
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Exchange for[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] in return for
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]各种声音：
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Rattle: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]叮当作响　= tinkle
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Roar: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]呼啸（重点突出老虎、狮子等大动物的鸣叫声）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Shout at:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]大喊大叫 = bark at
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Grunt: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]咕哝的，哼哼叽叽的；　He is grunting.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Slam: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]砰的一声
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Click: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]发出咔嗒声
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Up[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]的用法：
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]１．Up表示方向
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
To[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示目的地，说话者所在地
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]　　Up to表示到达目的地。　He ran up to him.　　
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]　　Towards表示朝某个方向。 She ran towards him.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]２．Up表示沿着，走向更远的方向，侧重强调距离更远了。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]　　They walked up the street.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]３．[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]系动词＋up:表示消费、摧毁，彻底，光，用完。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Drink up your whisky.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Eat up your vegetable.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Finish it up.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Burn up.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Use up.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]４．[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示积存，从少到多，积少成多
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]We must lay up some boiled food for the winter.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]=store up, hold up, gather up
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]５．[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示从河的下游到上游，河流入口处以上到源头的某一点。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]They are sailing up the Thames. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]逆流而上
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]６．[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]动词＋up:表示包起来、封住、盖住。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Button up[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]扣上扣子; Wrap up; Lock up; Fasten up; save up; wash up; do up包扎 [font=宋体][size=12pt]A small price [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]= not much money
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For him, two thousand dollars is a small price to pay for it.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Find their way there[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] = reach [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]抵达，到达
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Rivers find their way to(into) the sea.
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All my books have already found their way there.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Advise sb. to do sth.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]说服某人做某事（失败的结果）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Persuade sb. to do sth.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]说服某人做某事（成功的结果）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Advise[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] persuade
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Instead: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]相反的是
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]系列的动词构成平行结构：take off, rolled up, push
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Roll vi.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]滚动；　The pencil rolled under the table.
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vt.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]滚动；　He rolled the ball towards the puppy.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Roll up: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]卷起，挽起； We will need to roll up the carpet.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]What[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]引导的插入语，用来加强语气。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]What is more important; what is worse; what is more; what is rare.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Gather round: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]聚在周围
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Reward sb. with…[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]：用…来奖赏某人
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Advise sb. to do sth.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Advise sb. that…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]That[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]引导的宾语从句中必须要出现should＋动词原型的虚拟结构。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]I advise my students that they should read English for more than an hour.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]句型：Doing sth.…when
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Durable adj.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]持久的;耐久的;
Jeans are very durable.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In turn: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]轮流地; I think we should clean the room in turn.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Cycle: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]周期、循环;
The cycle of the seasons.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Circle: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]圆圈，环状物; draw a circle.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In turn[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] in return
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]（口语中）well and truly = completely;
Tom was well and truly drunk.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]By no means = in no way, on no account, in no sense; [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]无论如何决不
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 16
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Prize adj.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]珍贵的，宝贵的= valuable, precious, cherishable, dear
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tie sth. to: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]把…栓在什么上
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tie: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]与…有联系； He is tied to his family.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tie[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] attach
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Theft: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]偷盗；偷盗案； He reports the theft to the police.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Accuse sb. of doing sth.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]指控某人做了某事
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Accuse[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]比charge语义弱
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Accuse[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调“严厉的指责”； charge强调“控告”； charge sb. with doing sth.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Accusation n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]指控
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Accuse[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] charge
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Deny doing sth.;
He denied stealing the lamb./ He denied the truth.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Deny sb. nothing: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]百依百顺[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]； He denies his wife nothing.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Deny oneself: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]克制自己[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]； On some occasions we must deny ourselves.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be ashamed of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]感到可耻的； He is ashamed of being a dustman.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Shameful: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]可耻的； The theft is shameful.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Shameless: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]无耻的； The thief is a shameless person.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dye the cloth black.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Possession: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]所有物
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What I possess is valuable./ My possessions are valuable.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Belonging: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]随身携带物。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Belonging[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] possession
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Keep: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]使…处于某种状态；后面的复合宾语（宾语补足语）可以是形容词、介词短语、分词。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Keep[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]和过去分词搭配做宾语补足语，过去分词和宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]I keep my windows closed in winter.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]宾语补足语和宾语是主谓关系，那么宾语补足语是现在分词结构。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]I kept the boy standing outside.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]It is obvious that… = obviously
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Set out to do sth.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]开始着手做某事
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tell sb. about sth.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Or else; [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]
Your room is so dirty. Clear it promptly, or else…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt][font=宋体][size=12pt]It’s true that…, but…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
It’s true that the work is hard, but we’ll finish it ahead.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Had better do
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Had better not do[/size][/font]



[font=宋体][size=12pt]Worthwhile: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]值得的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Worthy: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]配得上的；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be worthy of[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt];

His deeds are worthy of our praise.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 17
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Suspension bridge: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]吊桥
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Suspend: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]悬挂； The light is suspended from the ceiling.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]暂停； The train was suspended because of the heavy rain.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Suspense n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]担心，挂念，悬念；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Suspender: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]悬挂物；吊杆；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Agreeable adj.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]宜人的； an agreeable situation宜人的地方
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Situation = location; be situated, be located
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Beijing is located in the north of China.
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Japan is situated to the east of China.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Estimate v.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]估计 n. 估计； At a rough estimate, the car is worth one million RMB.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Underestimate; Overestimate
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Estimation n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]判断；in my estimation/point/view;
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Estimate[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] evaluate
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Capacity: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]承受量；做某事的能力;
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Have a capacity for doing something.
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Have a capacity to do something.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Ability: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]有能力，强调已经完全的做到了
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Capability: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调内在的潜能；have capability to do/have capability of doing
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Every child has capability to learn a foreign language well.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Faculty: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调五官的能力； the faculty of seeing/hearing.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Competence: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]胜任工作的能力、资格
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Capacity[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] ability[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] faculty[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] competence
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Graceful:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]优雅的； 强调一个人的体型
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Elegant:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]优雅的；可以表示体型，还可以表示人的举止很得体、大方。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Delicate: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]精致的； Her diamond ring is delicate.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Graceful[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] elegant[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] delicate
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Describe something as[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]:
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]同样用法的词有：see, view, look upon, recognize, regard, treat, accept
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I should describe the attempt as a failure.
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His mother regards him as a genius.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In the midst of which…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]注意which指代的对象
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Though, although, even though[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]引导让步状语从句
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]用了though, although后，就不能使用but. 如果要强调转折关系，可以用yet. [font=宋体][size=12pt]By no means = not by any means, not at all.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
It is by no means pleasant to take a crowded bus.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]其它表示决不的短语：in no way, in no case, in no sense, in no circumstances
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]以…命名：be named after, be named for, take one’s name from
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]A span of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]跨度，桥长
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Take into account, take into consideration, take account of, account for : [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]考虑
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
We have to take the date into account when we have the meeting.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Extend v.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]延伸；伸展； A railway extends to the next city.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Extensive
adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]广阔的；广泛的；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Extent n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]广度；宽度；程度
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Rise to: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]高度
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]It has been estimated that…; [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]据估计
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]It is said…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]It is reported…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]It has been expected…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fulfilling: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]分词做状语表示结果
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
The bus was held up by the snowstorm, causing the delay.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Find somebody to be, find somebody[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]＋that宾语从句，表达含义相同[/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]常见的此类动词：believe, consider, find, declare, feel, know, suppose, think, presume, estimate, understand等
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]I consider that he is the best candidate.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I consider him to be the best candidate.

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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Immense adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]描述性形容词用于物质名词的前面。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Can+[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]动词原形，表示一般的能力。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Either: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示两者中的每一方的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
He sat in the car with a policeman on either side of him.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
On either side of the street
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Either adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]修饰名词的单数形式
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Both adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]修饰名词的复数形式
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Every adj.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]用于三者或三者以上：all;
In every direction/in all directions
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Either[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] both[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] every(all)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Side by side: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]肩并肩，并列
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 18
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Current
n. The flow of electricity
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]电流
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
A continuous movement of water [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]水流
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Adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]目前的，现在的； current affairs 实事
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Currency
n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]流通（货币）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Currently adv.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Sculpture n.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Sculptural adj.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Sculptor n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]雕刻家
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Mistaken, incorrect, wrong, misunderstood
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Make a mistake/ by mistake [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]弄错了
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]And no mistake [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]确实如此；
He is honest and no mistake.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Mistake sb. for[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]把某人误认为；
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]Yesterday, I mistook him for my classmate.[/size][/font]



[font=宋体][size=12pt]Exhibit: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]展品
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Exhibition: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]展会
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Oddly: strangely
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Odd: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]因为少见而令人感到奇怪的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Strange: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]因为陌生而奇怪的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Queer: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]因为不同于其它的表达方式，而感觉奇特的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fantastic: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]奇妙的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Eccentric: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]怪僻的； He is an eccentric person.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Odd[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] queer[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] strange[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] fantastic[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] eccentric
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Attach to:
He attached the lamb to a tree.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Attach to sb. for sth.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]因为某事而把…加在某人身上
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
We didn’t attach blame to him for his failure.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Attach importance to sth.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对某事非常重视
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
We attach importance to education.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be attached to sth.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]喜欢，喜爱；
I’m very attached to her.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Magnetize vt.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
The iron was magnetized.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
His speech magnetized the listeners.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Magnet n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]磁铁
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Repel v.([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]反义词：attract)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
The different sexes attract each other and the same sexes repel on the contrary.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Let me go at once, you repel me.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Rebel v. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]造反
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Repel[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] attract [font=宋体][size=12pt]Flicker: shine unsteadily
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Flash: shine for a moment
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Flicker[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] flash
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Emit v. : give off
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Emit sound/ emit smell/ emit light/ emit heat/ emit smoke
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Shed v. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]流出；发散
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Emit[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] shed
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Peculiar adj. = strange and unusual
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
The food has peculiar taste.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Emotional: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]易激动的，情绪的，感情脆弱的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I think you agree with me, women are often said to be more emotional than men.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Emotionally adv.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]反义词：unemotional adj.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Emotion n.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]；
Love, hatred, and grief are emotions.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Feeling n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]某时的内心感受; I can’t describe my feeling now.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Emotive adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]引起情绪反应的； The word home is more emotive than house.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Feeling[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] emotion
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]重点句式结构：
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Take interest in: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对…感兴趣； (be interested in)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Take delight in: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对…感到高兴；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Take pride in: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对…感到骄傲；
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Show interest in[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]显示对…的兴趣
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Cannot fail to : [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]双重否定意味着肯定，加强语气。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]On display/ on show: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]展出，展览
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]重点句型：the first thing…was a notice which said…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]That[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]定语从句中：[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]in response to/ in reaction to [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]作为对…的反应
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be familiar to sb.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对某人来讲很熟悉
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be familiar with sth.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]熟悉 [font=宋体][size=12pt]On and off = continuously, on end
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
It has been raining on and off since noon.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]It was rather like…= it was more like…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Seem[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]系动词+名词/形容词/分词
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]拼写：
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]以元音加y结尾的名词，加s时，y不做任何改变，动词也是如此。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Day-days; way-ways; enjoy-enjoys; buy-buys;
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]以辅音加y结尾的词，加s时，y改作-ies。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Lady-ladies; berry-berries; reply-replies;

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[font=宋体][size=12pt]At the entrance to the cinema
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Arrive at/in
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Prohibit: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]重点强调法律或条例明文禁止的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Prohibit somebody from doing something
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Forbid somebody to do something
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Forbid[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] prohibit
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Illuminate[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]照亮
[/size][/font][/size][/font][/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 19
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dear adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]亲爱的；珍贵的；昂贵的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I can’t afford the car because it’s too dear.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
The cat is dear to me.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Cost somebody dear
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Considerable: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]相当大的； He has got a considerable success.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Considerably: It’s considerably colder today than yesterday.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Considerate: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]体贴的； be considerate to somebody
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Considered: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]经过考虑的；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]All things considered: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]就各方面而言
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]

All things considered, he finished the work well.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Considering[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]； Considering his age, the little boy reads very well.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Get, got, got/gotten
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pay ransom to somebody
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hold somebody to ransom: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]绑架某人以换取赎金
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Surprise[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] astonish[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] amaze[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] astound[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]
([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]程度渐强)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Go for a walk[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]； take a walk； go for a stroll； Go for a trot 小跑
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Instruct = order
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be instructed to do something
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Make it clear to somebody that…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]The teacher has made it clear to us that we must read English aloud every day.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Promise = word
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Keep one’s promise/ keep one’s word(word[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示诺言时，要采用单数形式)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Break one’s word/promise
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Give somebody one’s word
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]As good as one’s word
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示守信用，侧重点在于强调一个结果
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Go back on one’s word
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示食言
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Sure enough;
I said it would happen, and sure enough it did happen.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Comma: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]逗号
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Asterisk: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]星号
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]On what condition
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]在这种情况下
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]语法规则：[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]当主语是ambition, goal, hope, idea, intention, mistake, plan, policy, purpose, reaction, suggestion等名词的时候，句子的表语必须是to不定式短语，该不定式短语是说明其内容的。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]His purpose in life was to seek truth instead of money.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]For fear of/that
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
They are working hard for fear that they should fail.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Afraid for: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]侧重点表示为…感到担心、害怕失去
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 20
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pioneer

n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]先驱；先锋；拓荒者
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Young Pioneer. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]少先队员
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]The pioneer of the operation. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]手术的先驱者
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]同义词：advocate n.提倡者；拥护者
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pioneer, advocate
v.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pioneer[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] advocate
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lord: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对贵族的尊称；勋爵
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lordship:
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lordly
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lordless
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Duke: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]公爵
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Marquis: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]侯爵
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Earl: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]伯爵
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Viscount: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]子爵
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Baron: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]男爵
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Duke[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] marquis[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] earl[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] viscount[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] baron
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Overland adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]陆路的; 经过陆地的； Overnight; Overpopulated; Overseas
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Over+[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]动词，表示超过; overeat; oversleep; overwork; overcharge; overestimate;
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Attempt= try, [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]语气比try强烈
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In one’s attempt[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]；
She failed in her attempt to swim the tunnel.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Make an attempt on[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]； He made an attempt on the mountain.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Make attempt to do[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Make no attempt
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Try[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] attempt
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]It looked as if: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]似乎，看起来
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
It looked as if there would be a heavy storm.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Make a short test flight: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]做了短距离的试飞
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]决定介词位置的4个因素：
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[list=1][font=宋体][size=12pt]如果是口语，介词位于句尾，同时关系代词可以省略。
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]非正式问题，介词位于从句句尾。
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]有些动词＋介词，合成词组被看作是不可分隔的语言单位，这个时候介词必须紧跟动词，不可移位。Take after, account for…, call on
[/size][/font][*][font=宋体][size=12pt]在许多情况下，介词和关系代词构成独立的介词短语，在句中起着状语的作用，与从句的谓语动词毫无关系，而不是谓语动词的一部分，这时介词始终位于关系代词之前。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]No further: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]修饰距离
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]No longer: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]修饰时间或长度
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]No more: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]修饰某物
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
He can walk no further./ He no longer lives here.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hold water: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]论点、观点站得住脚，说得通
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 21
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Bare = uncovered [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]（部分）赤裸的;
Bare fist/ bare foot/ bare handed/ bare legged
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Naked: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]全裸的； He is naked.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Nude: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示光秃秃的；nude sculpture.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Bare[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] nude[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] naked
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Crude adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]粗野的；
He is crude to the girl.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Rude adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]粗鲁的； 比crude语气弱
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Rude[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] crude
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Popularity n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]名望
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In popularity [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]受欢迎，受喜爱； Instant foods are getting in popularity.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Popular adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]受欢迎的； 流行的；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Popular with ; The famous actor is popular with young people.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Popularity n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]受人欢迎的状态
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fame: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]出名的名声; famous adj.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Reputation: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]一个人的声誉
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fame[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] reputation[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] popularity
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Adore = worship, love deeply;
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]The teacher is adored by the students.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Eminent: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]杰出的； eminent scientist
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]同义词：distinguished
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Eminent[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] distinguished
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Bitter
adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]苦的；辛酸的；刺骨的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Bitterly
adv. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]厉害的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Bet on something;
People bet on that tall boxer.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Bet somebody that; [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]和某人打赌
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Bet one’s bottom dollar on somebody: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]孤注一掷
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Bet on the wrong horse[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对未来作出了错误的估计
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]I bet: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]我肯定；

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[font=宋体][size=12pt]You bet = certainly
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Extravagant (=lavish) adj.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]浪费的，奢侈的；
Extravagant habit
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Thrifty[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]，frugal, economical: adj. 节俭的；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In poverty: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]在贫困中
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Indigence: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]贫困，比poverty正式
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Destitution: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]赤贫
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Penury: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]拮据
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Penury[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] poverty[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] indigence[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] destitution [font=宋体][size=12pt]Drew up: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]制定、起草
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In his full time = in his good day
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Rise to fame = become famous
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Attract somebody’s attention. = attract the attention of somebody.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Turn against[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]反目成仇
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Bitterly = severely
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]It is/was not until…
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调句式[/size][/font]



[font=宋体][size=12pt]As much as: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]多达
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In debt: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]欠债
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Apart from: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]除了什么之外还有
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Owe money to people
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Personality = character: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]个性
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Exceptionally = unusually: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不同寻常的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Marvelously = wonderfully: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]奇妙的，奇异的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Unequally: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]独一无二的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Beat = defeat
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 22
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Run v. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]（戏剧、电影等）连演，连映
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]The film is so successful that it runs for several weeks.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Falter: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]结巴；蹒跚而行
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Falter, stammer: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]结巴，支吾
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Falter, stagger: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]蹒跚而行； He faltered home.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Staggering adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]摇晃的；令人惊愕的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Falter[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] stammer[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] stagger
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Cast: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]扮演角色； The actor was cast in the role of hero.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Imprison v.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]关押；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Imprisonment n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]关押；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Sentence sb. to life imprisonment: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]判某人终生监禁
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]监狱： prison, jail, gaol
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Send sb. to prison
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Put sb. in prison
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Throw sb. into prison
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In prison: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]坐牢（= he is behind bars）； in the prison: 表示监狱这个地方
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Reveal: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]使显露； 揭露
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Disclose: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]揭发；
Disclose the truth.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Discover: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]发现
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Uncover: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]揭开具体的盖子
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Revealable: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]可展现的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Revealer: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]探测器
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Reveal[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] disclose[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] discover[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] uncover
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Squint: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]眯着眼，瞄；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Squint one’s eyes[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]： He squinted his eyes and looked at the letter.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pear at: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]眯着眼睛看
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Close[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] squint[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] open
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dim: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]昏暗的； The room is too dim so I can’t read the letter.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Gloomy: ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]天气、心情)抑郁的； He is in gloomy mood.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dusky: ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]天气)昏暗的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Murky:([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]天色)漆黑的，黑暗的； I can’t go out at murky night.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Misty: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]多雾的，迷蒙的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dim[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] gloomy[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] dusky[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] murky[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] misty
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Proceed: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]继续进行（特别强调停止后又进行某事）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Proceed to/with: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]继续进行某事： Let’s proceed to business.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Proceed from: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]从什么着手开始继续； They proceed from lesson one.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Proceed against: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]起诉某人
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Precede
v. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]领先（于） [font=宋体][size=12pt]On end = continuously[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]连续的(位于具体的时间之后);
He sat there for hours on end.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]On end: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]竖着 = upright; The cat’s fur stood on end.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]和heart有关的短语：
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Learn/know by heart[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]把什么牢记在心
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Heart and soul: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]全心全意的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Take heart: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]鼓起勇气、恢复信心
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lose heart: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]失去信心
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lose heart to sb.= give heart to sb.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]轻信于某人； The boy lost his heart to the girl.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Put one’s heart into sth.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]致力于某事
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Have one’s heart in one’s boots: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]提心吊胆
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Even though = even if = though/although
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]At each performance = at every performance
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In full = fully = completely
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Play a joke(cheek) on sb. : [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]开某人玩笑
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]On the final act = in the last act
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hand to = present sth. to = pass to
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Look on[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]旁观
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]With this: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]说完这话
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]At this: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]听到（这话）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Who laughs best who laughs last.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]End with: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]以…结束
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]With a letter [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]独立主格结构
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Play a joke on: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]开玩笑；　play a trick on：捉弄；单方面取乐
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Have a joke with sb. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]和某人开玩笑，强调两人共同取乐。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Play a joke on[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] have a joke with
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Finally [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]最后
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lastly [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]顺序上的最后
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In the end [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调最终失败的结果
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Conclusively [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]总结的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 23
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Give poison to sb./give poison to sth. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]使某人某物中毒
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hate each other like poison [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]彼此恨透了
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Name one’s poison [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]喝什么酒
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Delicacy: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]美味；佳肴
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Delicate: adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]美味的，可口的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Delicious adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]味道美的(=tasty)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Repulsive adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]令人反感的，令人生厌的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Disgusting adj.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　令人厌恶的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Repulsive[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] disgusting
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fry v.: be cooked in hot oil[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]； Fried egg, fried bread, frying pan
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fry up: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]加热；　Fry up the
food, please.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fry in one’s own fat: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]自作自受
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Have other fish to fry[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]另有要事要做
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Put on fat[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]发胖；长胖
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fat adj.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]胖的；但是我们一般不使用它，因为不礼貌，常用large, heavy, overweight等代替。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Abuse n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]辱骂；
He greeted his wife with a stream of abuse.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
v. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]滥用；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Abuse and praise
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Associate v.: connect in one’s mind
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Associate A with B
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
I can’t associate you with your wife.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Can you associate snails with delicious food.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Associate with = connect with; link with; be bound up with
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Despise vt.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]轻视；
regard as worthless；

We despise him for a coward.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Look down upon([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]口语中常用)； Don’t look down upon anyone.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Appeal v.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]引起兴趣
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Appeal to sb.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]引起某人的兴趣；
Eating snails never appeal to me.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Appeal [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]上诉；　appeal for sth.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Appeal to[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] appeal for
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Stroll[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　n.: slow walking for pleasure in street or in garden.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Go for a stroll; take a stroll = go for a walk; take a walk
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Stroller
n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]散步的人
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Stroll vi. : He is strolling along the road.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Ramble: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]指海岸、林中的漫步。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Roam: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不安定的漂泊、徘徊。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Wander: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]流浪、徘徊。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Stroll[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] ramble[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] roam[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] wander [font=宋体][size=12pt]On impulse [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]冲动的；　He rushed out to catch up the lady on impulse.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be driven by impulse to do sth.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]情不自禁的做某事
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Impulsive adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]冲动的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Impulsively adv.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]By the dozen: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]成打的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dozens of [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]：许多的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]A dozen roses[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]；
Two dozen eggs.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Speak nineteen to the dozen.:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]说个不停
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fancy v.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]喜爱；　I don’t fancy living in the cold room.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fancy oneself[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]自以为是，自命不凡
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]当涉及到或谈及到叙述客观事实的时候，可用：It comes to sth.…;It comes to doing sth.…; 用于when引导的时间状语从句。When it comes to sth.…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]For instance = for example
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Consider (to be)…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]On the other hand[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]转折连接词，表示另一方面
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]At[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]介词搭配作状语：
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]At the idea of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]一想到
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]At the sight of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]一看到
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]At the mention of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]一提到
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]At the news of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]一听到什么的消息
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]At the touch of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]一触摸到
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]At the sound of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]一听到什么的声音
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]At the thought of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]一想到
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Practice:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　表示习俗、做法（某个团体或组织的习惯做法）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Habit:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　表示个人习惯
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Custom:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　社会的风俗或习俗
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Habit[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] practice[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] custom
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Bring up: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]抚养； Joe is born in England, but brought up in France.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt][font=宋体][size=12pt]Stick to [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]坚持 = keep to; not give up
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
We decided to stick to our previous plan.(stick to the idea; stick to the plan; stick to the decision)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]坚持做某事：insist on doing sth.; persist in doing sth.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Countless = numerous [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]： 数不清的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Happen to do: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]碰巧；恰巧；I happened to be out when he called.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Happen/chance:
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]It happened that I was out when he called.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]It chanced that I was out when he called.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]When([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]特殊用法)表示正在这时突然[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]，通常使用过去进行时、过去完成时等搭配，谓语句中。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]He was having a bath when the telephone suddenly rang.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be delighted to do
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be delighted with sth.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]I did not like(=fancy) the idea…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]To our dismay: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]使我们感到惊愕的是
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Take possession: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]占据；占有；The soldiers took possession of enemies’ fort.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Foods: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]各种各样的食物
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Certain kinds of food = certain foods
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]And[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]和or:
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]在肯定句中，and表示并列关系。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]在否定句中，有两个对等的谓语、宾语或者从句时，习惯用or，把两个成分都否定掉。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]The room is not big or comfortable.[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]这个房子不大，也不舒服。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]如果否定句中出现了and,语义表示转折，相当于but.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]The room is not big and comfortable.[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]这个房子不大，但是很舒服。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Feel sick: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调突然间的一种感觉
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be sick: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]只是强调延续的动作
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Numerous = countless [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]：无数的，数不清的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Numerable: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]可数的，能够数的出来的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Numerical: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]数字的、数量的、使用数字的（多用作前置形容词）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]　Numerical ability 使用数字的能力
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Numerous[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] numerable[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] numerical
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[/size][/font][/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 24
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]A skeleton in the cupboard = a skeleton in the closet = a family skeleton[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]：家丑
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Skeleton key: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]万能钥匙
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Reduced to a skeleton:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　瘦的皮包骨
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Decent, graceful, deserving respect, respectable: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]体面的，雅观的，可敬的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Respectable: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]可敬的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Respectful: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]充满敬意的，尊敬人的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Respective: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]各自的；　All the students return to their respective room.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Respect[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] Respectable[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] respectful[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] respective
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Conceal= hide, [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]但比hide更加正式，语气强烈。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Conceal sth. from sb.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
He concealed his debts from his wife.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]他对他的妻子隐瞒了债务。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hide[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]conceal
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Vivid, more vivid, the most vivid
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dramatic adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]令人激动的；比exciting更加激烈
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Exciting[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] dramatic
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fiction: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]集合名词，指小说的总称，不可数；　I like reading fiction.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Novel: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]某一部具体的小说
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Novel[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] fiction
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Varying: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强调变化中的各种各样
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Various: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不同种类的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Different: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]与…不一样
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Varying[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] various[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] different
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Stack: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]（整齐的）堆放
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]内衣:Underclothes, underclothing, underwear
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Petrify = shock, dumbfound
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Shock[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] petrify
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Sympathetic
adj.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Unsympathetic
adj.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Sympathy n.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In Sympathy = sympathetically
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Seemingly = from appearance [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]从表面上看来
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]A seemingly respectable person: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表面上受尊重的人
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Possess = have got, own [font=宋体][size=12pt]Ruin—[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]泛指损坏的过程不是一下完成的（spoil）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Destroy: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]指凭借某种外力来破坏和摧毁某物
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Damage: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]侧重强调把…弄坏，但可以修复
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Ruin[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] damage[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] destroy
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]One’s hair stands on end: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]感到毛骨悚然的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Make/set one’s hair stand on end: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]使某人感到毛骨悚然的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In her youth: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]在她年轻时
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Everyone;
Every one of…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]It is all very well…but…:[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]不赞成不满意的反对，“好倒是好，但是…”
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]It is all very well for them to ask me to do it, but I am too busy.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Occur: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]某个事情出乎意料的发生（正式）; It occurred to me that/to do…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Happen:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　某个事件出乎意料的发生
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Take place:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　事情根据安排发生“举行”
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]　When did the accident happen/occur?
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]　When will the wedding take place?
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Happen[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] occur[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] take place
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]To varying degrees[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]从不同的角度来讲
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Learn: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]得知，了解某个事实，学习某种知识、技能
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Know: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]知道某个事实，具有某方面的知识、技能，认识、了解某个人（状态动词，不用进行时态）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Know[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] learn
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Instead of + doing —[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示相反、没有、取而代之的是…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Show/lead sb. to: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]带领某人进入
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Petrified: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]目瞪口呆
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Frightened: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]在某个特定的场合下，受到惊吓
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Terrified: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示惊吓的程度，更加强烈，感到恐怖
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Afraid (of) :[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示一种状态，永久性的恐惧
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Afraid[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] petrified[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] frightened[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] terrified
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]It gave me the impression that: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]给某人以印象
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be about to do sth.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]即将、就要，暗示动作即将发生（多与when连用）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Leap out at sb.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]跳出来扑向某人
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]As if[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]引导虚拟语气
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Little: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]否定色彩的副词
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]A little: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]肯定语义
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Belongings = possessions
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Trunk: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]皮箱，汽车尾箱(=boot)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Object: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]巨大的物体
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Item: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]物品
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 25
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Impressive adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]给人深刻印象的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Impression n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]印象
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Make a lasting impression on sb.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]给某人以不可磨灭的印象
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Have a false impression of sb.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对某人有错误的看法
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Give sb. impression that: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]给某人印象
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Impress vt. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]给…印象
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Impress sb.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]给某人留下了印象
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]
Impress sb. with sth.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]用…给某人留下了印象
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Vessel: ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]正式)可代替ship, boat，用于文学体
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Boat: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]比ship小，非正式场合可以换用
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Ship:
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Boat[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] ship[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] vessel
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]The beginning of new era
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]The end of old era
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Era: “[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]纪元“； 地球、人类社会历史上的一个很长的时期，以特别食物或发展为标志。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Times: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]历史上的一个阶段，“时代，时期”，比era时间短；
Roman times
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Age: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]特定的历史阶段（大写，构成专有名词）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Age[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] times[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] era
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Steer: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]驾驶水陆交通工具，强调掌握方向，导航
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Drive: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]开汽车、火车
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pilot: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]操纵轮船、飞机
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Steer[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] drive[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] pilot
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Temporary adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]临时的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Temporarily
adv.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Temporariness
n.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]同义词：Transient: 短暂的，瞬间的；
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]反义词：permanent: 永久性的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Contemporary: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]当代的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dry land: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]陆地
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]She stands on dry land and is visited by thousands of people each year.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]each year = every year, per year
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]One of the most famous…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Serve as = act as “[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]起…作用”
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Impressive reminder: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]深刻的印象，作为…的回忆
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Replace = take place of
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Steamship: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]汽船
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Sailing ship/sailing vessel: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]帆船
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Sailing ship[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] steamship
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Match= be equal to: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]与…相匹敌，相比
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Match in/for[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt];
No clothing can match your dress for beauty.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt][font=宋体][size=12pt]Marked the end of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]标志着…的结束
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Take the lead: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]处于领先地位
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lose the lead: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]失去领先地位
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In the lead: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]处于领先地位（状态）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Take over the lead: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]取得领先地位
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be caught in the rain/snow: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]遇到了雨/雪
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be struck by a very heavy rain/snow/storm: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]严重地遇到了雨/雪/风暴
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Catch[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] struck
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Torn away = destroyed, pull down
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fit = equip
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]There was a danger that+[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]同位语从句
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Call in at: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]（船）停靠； （人）拜访
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]To = in order to, so as to
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]“[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]目的是…”
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Have sth. done : [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]举行
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]By now = so far
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]There is no doubt that…= without any doubt: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]“毫无疑问”
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]There is some doubt + wh-…(wh-[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]主要指whether)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Take the lead
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lose the lead
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Call in at
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]With great difficulty
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]At tremendous speed
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]It seemed certain that
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Landmark: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]标志
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Feat: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]功绩
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]冠词the和名词单数形式搭配表示一类东西
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Attract: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]吸引
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Appeal to: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]引起…兴趣
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Appeal to[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] attract
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Set out: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]出发
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Set out on: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]出发进行比赛；set out on the trip/journey/excursion.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Depart for: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]去往某处
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In respect of = with regard to: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]关于，至于
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In view of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]以…观点考虑到　= considering
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 26
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Influence (have effort on) v.& n.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Under the influence of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]受…影响
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Have influence over sb.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]有左右某人的能力
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Exercise influence on sb’s behalf: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]为某人而尽力
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]On sb’s behalf: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]为某人的利益
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Influential adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]有影响力的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Influence: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]通过劝说，行为，榜样来改变一个人的行为或思想，是潜移默化的影响力
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Affect: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对…产生不良影响；The bad examples will affect a lot number of students.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Affect[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] influence
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pride
v.& n.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pride oneself on/upon: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]为…感到骄傲 = take pride in/be proud of
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In the pride of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]处于最佳状态（顶峰）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Put one’s pride in one’s pocket: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]控制自尊心
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Taste: n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]鉴赏力；　She has excellent taste in dress.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]A taste of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]尝一点，尝一口
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In good taste: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]文雅，得体
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In bad taste: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]庸俗，不得体
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Taste: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]有什么的味道；　The dish tasted of fish.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]To one’s taste: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]合某人的口味，称某人的心愿
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]There is accounting for tastes. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]人各有所好
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]He who has never tasted bitter knows not what is sweet. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不知黄连苦怎知蜂蜜甜。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tastable: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]可品尝的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tasteful: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]有鉴赏力的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tasteless: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]没有味道的，乏味的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Taste blindness: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]味盲
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Taste maker: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]时尚的首创者
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Exert v. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]施加
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Exert sth. on sb. ;
He likes to exert his authority on us.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Exert oneself: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]努力，尽力; He never exerted himself to study hard.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Exert every effort: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]尽一切努力
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Exertion n.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Subtle adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]微妙的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Subtly adv. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]微妙地，敏锐地
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Subtleness = subtlety n.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Advertise: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]做广告
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Advertiser n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]登广告者；广告客户
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Advertisement: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]广告
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Classify v.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]分类
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Classification n.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Classified
adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]分类的，机密的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Classifiable
adj.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]可分类的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Classifier n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]分类者
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Capture
v.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　吸引，赢得；捕获； [font=宋体][size=12pt]Anticipate: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]预料到；　Our attack failed because the enemy anticipated.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]anticipate: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]期望，指望; 预料; 注重强调的内容以高兴或恐惧的心情，期待所想之事或预料之事发生。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]expect: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]期待，希望某事发生
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]期望，指望： anticipate = expect
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Expect[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] anticipate
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]让步状语从句的引导词：though, although, as
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]As[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]引导让步状语从句，句子要采用倒装形式（adj./adv./n./v.用在as之前）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Adj.+ as +[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]主语＋谓语;
Rich as he is, he is not happy.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Adv.(much) + as + [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]从句;　Much as I like you, I will not marry you.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]v.+ as + [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]主语＋助动词;　 Try as they may, they will never succeed.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Effort: ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不可数名词)努力，竭尽全力；需要花费脑力和体力的事情。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]It took a lot of effort to lift the box.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]努力，竭尽全力(可数名词); Make every effort
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In one’s effort to do: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]为了干好某事，在干好某事的努力过程当中
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Make a close(careful) study: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对什么做了仔细的研究
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Discover = find out
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Get something for nothing = get something for free
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Devise: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]设计；发明；
They have devised the best way to have the party.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Design: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]设计；
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Design[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] devise
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Enable sb. to do: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]使某人能够做某事
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Make it possible for sb. to do sth. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]使…可能
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Capture (catch, receive, arrest, draw) the attention of sb.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Before long = soon, shortly
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Biscuits of all shapes(sizes);
shoes of all sizes
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]It seemed certain that…
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]We’re sure/certain…
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]It is certain…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Remove = unload
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Love to do sth.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Love doing sth.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]当修饰主语的定语从句过长而谓语过短时，一般将定语从句后置
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In length, in height, in width, in depth, in weight
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Some…or other = this…or that
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 27
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Wise
adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]英明的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Wisdom[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　n. 智慧
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Cut sb.’s wisdom teeth: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]开始懂事了
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Spiritual adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]精神上的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Spirited adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]生机勃勃的，精神饱满的，猛烈的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Mental adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]智力的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Physical adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]物质的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dignity[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　n. 尊严
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]With great dignity: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]仪态大方
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Stand/keep on one’s dignity: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]保持尊严
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pocket one’s dignity: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]放下架子
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lose one’s dignity: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]有失体面
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dignify v. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]使尊容，使威严
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dignified adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]威严的，尊贵的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Deliberately adv. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]故意地(经过深思熟虑后)
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]On purpose: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]故意，强调目的性；He coughed on purpose to attract my attention.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Deliberately[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] on purpose
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Consequence: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]结果（因特殊原因造成的恶果）
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Result: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]按常规产生的结果
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Effect: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]效果
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Outcome:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　最后结局
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In consequence: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]因此
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In consequence of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]由于…的缘故
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Take the consequence of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]承担…的后果
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Consequence[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] result[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] effect[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] outcome
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Afflict v. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]折磨，常用被动语态
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Affliction n.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Afflictive adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]苦恼的，悲伤的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]With ease: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]轻而易举的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]At ease: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]自在的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Ill at ease: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不自在的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Put sb. at his ease: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]使某人不拘束
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Take one’s ease: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]安下心来
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Contempt n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]蔑视
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In contempt of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]轻视
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hold sb. in contempt = look down upon sb.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]蔑视某人
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Contemptable adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]可轻视的，不齿的，卑鄙的
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Contemptuous adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]轻视的，傲慢的，轻蔑的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Contempt[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]比despise语气强烈
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Scorn[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]：因强烈的反感而促成的愤慨或蔑视
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pour scorn on: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对…嗤之以鼻
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Scorn[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] despise[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] contempt
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt][font=宋体][size=12pt]Envious adj.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]羡慕的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Jealous adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]嫉妒的，吃醋的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Envious[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] jealous
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Live by = to make enough money to feed oneself
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Live by + [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]职业[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]依靠某种职业为生，通常和动名词搭配
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Live on + [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]食物/人[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]依靠某种食物维持生命，或靠某人生活
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In the light of : according to, taking into account
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In accordance with: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]比以上形式更正式；　依据法律
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]According to[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] taking into account[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] in the light of[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] in accordance with
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]In terms of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]按照，就…而言，关于
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]替代表达：In respect of, with respect to
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In/with regard to, as regards
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In respect of[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] with respect to[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] in regard to[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] as regards[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] in terms of
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Grudge
v. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不给予； 后面要和名词或动名词搭配
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Require from
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]In[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]和动名词搭配，表示“在…的过程中”
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]On[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]和动名词搭配，表示“刚一…就…”
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be free from: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不受…的影响;
We spent a spring free from wind.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Keep oneself alive: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]为了生存
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]With[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]和名词搭配，表示“具有、带有”; With contempt
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]In moments of truth = truly
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]对于二者的否定：
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Neither…nor…;
nothing…nor…
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Nor—[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]位于句首，倒装
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]None of them[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]…([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]全部否定)
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Not all of them[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]…[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]（部分否定）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Speak of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]谈及; speak 说
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Speak for: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]为…辩护
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Speak on: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]就…发言
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Speak to: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]与…谈话
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]From place to place:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　四处，到处（=here and there）
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]One way or another: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示某种方法或途径
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In every sense: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]名副其实，在各种意义上说
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Look down on = look down upon: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]瞧不起
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Convict: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]宣判某人有罪　　　convict of
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Blame: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]责备　　　　
blame for
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Condemn to: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]判刑 [font=宋体][size=12pt]Envious adj.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]羡慕的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Jealous adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]嫉妒的，吃醋的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Envious[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] jealous
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Live by = to make enough money to feed oneself
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Live by + [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]职业[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]依靠某种职业为生，通常和动名词搭配
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Live on + [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]食物/人[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]依靠某种食物维持生命，或靠某人生活
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]In the light of : according to, taking into account
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In accordance with: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]比以上形式更正式；　依据法律
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]According to[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] taking into account[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] in the light of[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] in accordance with
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]In terms of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]按照，就…而言，关于
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]替代表达：In respect of, with respect to
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In/with regard to, as regards
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In respect of[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] with respect to[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] in regard to[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] as regards[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] in terms of
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Grudge
v. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不给予； 后面要和名词或动名词搭配
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Require from
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]In[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]和动名词搭配，表示“在…的过程中”
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]On[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]和动名词搭配，表示“刚一…就…”
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be free from: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不受…的影响;
We spent a spring free from wind.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Keep oneself alive: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]为了生存
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]With[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]和名词搭配，表示“具有、带有”; With contempt
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]In moments of truth = truly
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]对于二者的否定：
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Neither…nor…;
nothing…nor…
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Nor—[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]位于句首，倒装
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]None of them[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]…([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]全部否定)
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Not all of them[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]…[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]（部分否定）
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Speak of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]谈及; speak 说
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Speak for: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]为…辩护
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Speak on: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]就…发言
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Speak to: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]与…谈话
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]From place to place:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　四处，到处（=here and there）
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]One way or another: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示某种方法或途径
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In every sense: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]名副其实，在各种意义上说
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Look down on = look down upon: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]瞧不起
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Convict: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]宣判某人有罪　　　convict of
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Blame: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]责备　　　　
blame for
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Condemn to: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]判刑
[/size][/font][/size][/font][/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 28
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Wares: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]货郎随身带的货物；　ware常用于复合词，表示“器皿、器具”
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Goods: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]商店里出售的商品
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Commodity: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]（正式、总称）商品
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Wares[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] goods[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] commodity
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tempt sb. to do sth.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]吸引某人做某事
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]The temptation to do sth.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tempting
adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]有吸引力的（=attractive）
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Bargain: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不及物动词，名词
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]A good bargain: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]好交易
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Make a bargain: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]达成协议，作成交易
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Drive a hard bargain with sb.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]和某人费力地讨价还价
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Bargain with sb. for sth.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]与某人就…讨价还价
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Bargain away: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]讨价出售
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Disembark = debark: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]下船上岸
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Embark: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]上船
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Assail: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]纠缠（正式）；　He was assailed with worries.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Afflict: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]困扰
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Afflict[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] assail
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Favor: n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]好处，优惠
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In favor of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]赞成，支持，有利于
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]In one’s favor: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]受某人欢迎，得到欢心
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Out of favor: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不利，失宠
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]By favor of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]烦请面交
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Do sb. a favor: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]给某人以恩惠
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Favorite: adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]受到优惠的，优待的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Favorable: adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]赞成的，称赞的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Favor[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] favorite[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] favorable
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Outrageous: adj. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]令人不悦的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Outrage: n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]暴行
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Rage: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]盛怒，发怒；　Fly into a rage: 勃然大怒
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Thrust sth. into: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]塞进
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Thrust aside: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]推开
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Thrust oneself forward: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]向前挤
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Thrust oneself in(= thrust one’s nose into): [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]探听，干涉
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Thrust sth. upon sb.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]强加于人
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Thrust sb. out: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]解雇 [font=宋体][size=12pt]Dear = expensive, costly
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Loaded with: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]装载，运载（=filled with）
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Speed: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]迅速驶向
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Speed down hill: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]向山下急驶
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Speed up hill: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]向山上急驶
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Speed by[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]迅速驶过
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]The men [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]（coming） from the boats: 小船上的人们
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]The plane from New York.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be covered with: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]堆满了
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Handmade: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]手工制作的；　handmade silverware
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]It was difficult not to be tempted.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]双重否定)
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]I had no sooner got off the ship than I was assailed by a man who wanted to sell me a diamond ring.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Had no sooner…than [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]句型（no sooner位于句首，要倒装）
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]一…就…:
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]As soon as/ the moment that/ on doing/ had no sooner…than/ had hardly… when
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Have no intention of doing: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不打算干某事
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]I can not conceal the fact that…
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be most impressed by: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]某人被留下了极深的印象
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]What impressed me most was: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]给我留下印象最深的是
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Impression n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]印象，效果；Impression on
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Create/give a bad impression on sb.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]给…以不良印象
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Make a quite impression on sb.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]给某人留下极深的印象
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Impression n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]印痕
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Go to great(considerable, any) lengths (to)[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]竭尽全力，不惜一切办法
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Real: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]真的，不是捏造出来的，非人工制造的（此时可以和genuine互换）
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]True: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]与事实或现实相符合（与false相对应）
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Genuine: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不是伪造的；非人工制造的（与fake相对应）
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Artifical: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]人造的;
(和manmade的异同?) [font=宋体][size=12pt]Make a deep impression: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]留下一道深深的印痕
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]The next man to approach me: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]第二个靠近我的人，第二个向我兜售的人
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]At the base of[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]在…的底部
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]As a special favor: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]作为一种特殊的优惠
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Act as if: ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]行为，举止)好像
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Struggling—[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]现在分词作伴随状况状语
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Keep doing sth.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]不断地作某事
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Readily = willingly: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]心甘情愿地
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be pleased with = be satisfied with: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]对…感到满意
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]No matter how = however
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]To this day = up till now, until now, so far “[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]到目前为止”
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Merchandise: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]商品（=goods）
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lay out: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]摆设
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pester: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]纠缠（= assail）
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Afflict: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]折磨
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Assail[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] pester[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] afflict
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]After[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]多用于具体的时间名词之后；　[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]two days after[/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]Afterwards[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]常常单独使用或与soon or shortly连用；[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]Soon afterwards. Shortly afterwards.[/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]After[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] afterwards
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Irritating: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]令人烦恼的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Preposterous: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]荒谬的（=outrageous）
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Hilarious: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]充满欢声笑语的
[/size][/font][/size][/font][/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lesson 29
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]His success was largely due to luck.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Universal[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　adj. 普遍的，全体的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Universal agent:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　全权代理人
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Universal time:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　世界时间
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Universal joint:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　万向接头
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Universality n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]普遍
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Universally adv.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Universe
n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]宇宙
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Comic [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]喜剧的；　comedy 喜剧；　comedian 喜剧演员；
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Tragic [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]悲剧的；悲惨的； tragedy 悲剧；
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pester(assail) sb. to do: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]纠缠某人做某事
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pester(assail) sb. with[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]：用某物来纠缠某人
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Pester sb. for sth.: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]因为什么来纠缠某人
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dread
v. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]惧怕；后面可以跟名词、动名词、不定式搭配连用。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]We were dreading his arrival.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]He dreaded having to meet his parents.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dreadful[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　adj. 令人恐怖的；　dreaded adj. 极度恐惧的；
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dread n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]惧怕；　用于in dread of
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Fear[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]一般的恐惧；　horrify 使恐怖；　terrify 使极度的恐惧；　dread 惧怕；担心；
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dread[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] Fear[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] horror[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] terror
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Console v.[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]安慰；（= give comfort）
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]

He is consoling his friend in grief for the loss of child.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]

n. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]控制台
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]comfort[/size][/font][font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt] console
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]27-03 [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]和 27-02内容一样，此处缺少了课文前九行的内容。
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Be based on: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]以…作为基础
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]起源于:
Stem from, come from, arise from, originate from.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]
His feeling of hate stems from envy.
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[font=宋体][size=12pt]Come into fashion:[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]　开始流行
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Come into being: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]开始形成
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Come into power: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]开始执政
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Keep doing sth.:[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]不间断的、不停的做某事
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Keep on doing sth.:[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]反复、重复干某事（keep为不及物动词） [font=宋体][size=12pt]Keep + [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]宾语 + 动词ing形式。　Keep on不能用于该句型
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]He kept me waiting for an hour.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Dread to do = dread doing
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]A miserable day = a terrible day
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Think of: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]想到；想起；想着；
When I saw you I thought of my sister.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Think of doing sth.;
He is thinking of setting up a school.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Spend time doing sth.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]By: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]通过某种方式手段;
I arrived here by train.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Chance[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]在表达可能性这个语句的时候，经常采用复数形式chances. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]Chances of[/size][/font]

[font=宋体][size=12pt]My chances of passing the examination are good.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]句型：the chances of doing sth. are good/remote.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Good[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]表示可能性极大，而remote(or slight)表示可能性极小。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]His chances of arriving here by bicycle are remote.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Take heart: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]振作精神
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]Lose heart: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]失去信心; 失去勇气
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Than[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]可以引导省略主语的比较从句。用于此结构的词有：necessary, good, possible, anticipate, expect, fear, suggest, report, require, think.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]He eats more than is good for him.
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]

[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]As[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]也可以引导省略主语的比较从句。
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]He arrived as I expected. ([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]我预料到)
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]He arrived as was expected. [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]([/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]没有表明谁预料到)
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]　He eats just as much as is good for him./ He eats more than is good for him.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]Yesterday I went swimming. In the process, I had a very good time.
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]How much = to what extent
[/size][/font]


[font=宋体][size=12pt]At great lengths = in great detail
[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]详细的
[/size][/font]
[font=宋体][size=12pt]To one’s cost[/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]: [/size][/font][font=宋体][size=12pt]通过痛苦的体验;
　Wasp’s stings are serious as I know to my cost.
[/size][/font][/size][/font]

[size=3]Lesson 30[/size]
[size=3]Laborer: 特别强调使用体力，而不是技能；户外工作
Workman: 指具有某种工艺技能的半熟练工人
Worker: 泛指，暗示具有更高的技能水平；通常指脑力劳动者。
Farmhand: 农场雇工，农业工人；farm laborer or farm worker.
[color=#0033ff]Laborer[font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font]
farmhand[font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font]
workman[font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font]
worker[/color][/size]
[size=3]Conscientious: 认真的；　a conscientious teacher
Conscious: 意识到的；清楚的[/size]
[size=3]Suspect vt. 怀疑；to believe to be true or likely; 表示肯定的语意
Suspect of: I suspected him of stealing the car.
Suspect that…: He suspected that his girlfriend tried to hide her true
Suspect sb. to be: I suspect him to be a spy.
Suspicious adj. 怀疑的
Suspicion n. 怀疑
Doubt: v.怀疑；表示否定的语意；
  I doubt whether he is a liar. / I suspect that he is a liar.
Doubtful adj.[/size]
[size=3]Desert: （军队中）开小差； The soldier deserted his army.
             放弃(= abandon)； We sheltered from the storm in a deserted hut.
Desert: 违背法律、道义、责任、信仰。Desert the army/school/his duty/his family.
Abandon: 被迫放弃所感兴趣或所负责任的东西。
Forsake vt. 放弃，抛弃，与…脱离关系
Discard v. 放弃，丢弃；因为没有用而丢掉（give up as useless）
[color=#0000ff]Abandon[font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font]
desert[font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font]
discard[font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font]
forsake[/color][/size]
[size=3]Haunt: 1.闹鬼；
            2.Visit somewhere very often;[/size]
[size=3]Be willing to do = be ready to do[/size]
[size=3]Every time = whenever[/size]
[size=3][color=#0033ff]Wake up to find that…[/color] 醒过来的时候，结果却发现…([color=#0000ff]to不定式做结果状语[/color])
He woke up to find that he was surrounded by a large crowd of people.
He hurried to the post office only to find that it was shut.[/size]
[size=3]A farm worker, who…, claimed to…
Claim to have done 声称作过某事;  He claimed to have seen the puma.[/size]
[size=3]Stay up = not go to bed
Wait up (for)= sit up (for): 为了等候某人回来而不睡觉
Don’t wait up for me, I’ll be home very late.
[color=#0000ff]Wait up[font=wingdings][size=12pt][font=wingdings]à[/font][/size][/font]
stay up[/color][/size]
[size=3]Burn the midnight oil: 开夜车
I have to burn the midnight oil tonight to complete work.[/size]
[size=3]In time 1. 最后，终于
            2. 来得及;及时
It became an accepted fact that… 变成一个大家都接受的事实[/size]
[size=3]Be astonished = be surprised[/size]
[size=3][color=#3300ff]None other than[/color] = no other than 强调结构，强调人；表示不是别人而正是[/size]
[size=3]The man who had sent the flowers was none other than the man she had spoken to the night before.
It was no other than my old friend Johnson.
[color=#0000ff]Nothing else than[/color] 强调事物
His failure was due to nothing else than his own carelessness.[/size]
[size=3]A third brother: 又一位兄弟[/size]
[size=3]Who was supposed = who was thought[/size]
[size=3]Keep secret：保密 （＝keep sth. to oneself）
Reveal secret: 揭露、披露秘密[/size]
[size=3]Be obliged to do = be forced to do  被迫做某事[/size]
[size=3]In hiding = in concealment[/size]
[size=3]The only other people who knew the secret 仅知道这个秘密的人
The only other people who finished the work 仅完成这项工作的人[/size]
[size=3][color=#0000ff]They thought it their duty to…[/color] : it形式宾语
We all think it our duty to support our parents.
形式宾语it和宾语补足语直接搭配连用，宾语补足语可以是名词或形容词。[/size]
[size=3][color=#0000ff]His brother found it impossible to do…；[/color] it形式宾语[/size]
[size=3]It is quite impossible to finish the hard work in 2 hours.
I found it quite impossible to finish the hard work in 2 hours.[/size]
[size=3]Penalty = punishment[/size]
[size=3]军队生活：army life; life in the army
学校生活：schoollife; life in the school[/size]
[size=3]At times = occasionally 有时
On time 准时[/size]
[size=3]Recruit: 招募(军队)
Conscript: 根据法律或宪法征兵，与介词into连用，在美语中说draft
Regiment: n. 军团;   vt. 使受训练[/size]
[size=3]Realize = become aware of
Never realizing = quite unaware of[/size]
[size=3][/size]


后面还有好多  懒得复制  附件中有WORD版本的  回复直接下载吧

[[i] 本帖最后由 feierpao 于 2007-9-8 23:13 编辑 [/i]]

回一个侃侃~~~~~~~

?????????????????看起来很好。可附件？？

谢谢楼主！
很有帮助。

好啊!!!

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第四册要是有就更好了

谢谢

不错!赞.:victory:

:) :victory: :loveliness:

:) :) :) :kiss:

:) :victory: :) 不错呀　很有用哦　期待第四册的发表哦！

thanks

thank you very much:handshake

:)

bbucuo

:handshake

谢谢

11

11

顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶

顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶顶

thanks

看看

好东林

wow

wow

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vb

vb

非常谢谢

真的很谢谢啊，我正想学好英语 呢，我想向商务那方面发展，所以，以后我们能够常交流吗？以后有什么好的资料有助于学习英语的发到我邮箱好吗？EMAIL:pengyufang10@163.com

Thank you

3ks

5555

加油啊

是否一致四册都有笔记提供参考啊